On the Role of Metals in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction

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dc.contributor.authorMasa, Justus
dc.contributor.authorXia, Wei
dc.contributor.authorMuhler, Martin
dc.contributor.authorSchuhmann, Wolfgang
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-16T09:21:15Z
dc.date.available2022-11-16T09:21:15Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractThe notion of metal-free catalysts is used to refer to carbon materials modified with nonmetallic elements. However, some claimed metal-free catalysts are prepared using metal-containing precursors. It is highly contested that metal residues in nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) catalysts play a crucial role in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In an attempt to reconcile divergent views, a definition for truly metal-free catalysts is proposed and the differences between NC and M-Nx/C catalysts are discussed. Metal impurities at levels usually undetectable by techniques such as XPS, XRD, and EDX significantly promote the ORR. Poisoning tests to mask the metal ions reveal the involvement of metal residues as active sites or as modifiers of the electronic structure of the active sites in NC. The unique merits of both M-Nx/C and NC catalysts are discussed to inspire the development of more advanced nonprecious-metal catalysts for the ORR.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMasa, J., Xia, W., Muhler, M., & Schuhmann, W. (2015). On the role of metals in nitrogen‐doped carbon electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 54(35), 10102-10120.https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201500569en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/5266
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAngewandte Chemie International Editionen_US
dc.subjectcarbon · doping · electrocatalysis · metal-free catalysts · oxygen reductionen_US
dc.titleOn the Role of Metals in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reductionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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