The National Research Repository of Uganda - NRU

Welcome to the National Research Repository of Uganda, abbreviated as "NRU". NRU was established in 2021. NRU is a collection of scholarly output by researchers from the UNCST Community, including scholarly articles and books, electronic theses and dissertations, conference proceedings, journals, technical reports and digitised library collections. It is the official Institutional Archive (IA) of UNCST.

For information about the publishers' copyright policy on archiving your articles online or in an institutional archive, visit the Sherpa Site at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php The site gives a summary of the permissions normally given as part of each publisher's copyright transfer agreement. If you wish to publish your research findings in the NRU, please contact NRU administrator at admin@uncst.go.ug for details. NRU operates both open access and closed access models. Access to fulltext has been restricted in adherence to the UNCST Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Copyrights policies.

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Africa Portal is an online repository of open access library collection with over 3,000 books, journals, and digital documents on African policy issues. This is an initiative by the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI), Makerere University (MAK), and the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA). Please visit the Africa Portal at http://www.africaportal.org/library.

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Books and Book Abstracts
This community contains Open Access Books and Book Abstracts
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This community contains Ugandan Conference proceedings
Institutional Annual Research Reports
This community contains consolidated Ugandan Institutional Annual Research Reports on a broad range of subjects
Institutional Repository Policies
This community contains approved and running institutional repository policies from different research institutions
IT DevOps Communinity
IT DevOps Community

Recent Submissions

Entrepreneurial orientation and succession planning among small and medium family-owned enterprises in Kampala Central Business District, Uganda
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2026-10-07)
Reuben David Kizito;
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Rogers Matama;
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Vicent Bagire ;
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Isaac Nkoote Nabeeta;
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Lawrence Kyazze
The study investigated the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and succession planning among small and medium family-owned businesses in Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional survey and descriptive research designs using a quantitative approach. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire from 176 small and medium family-owned businesses. The data were analysed using Smart PLS version 4.0. The results show that competitive aggressiveness and risk taking are positively and significantly related to succession planning. In contrast, proactiveness and autonomy showed no relationship with succession planning among small- and medium-sized family-owned businesses in Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional survey; however, given the evolving nature of entrepreneurial orientation, a longitudinal study is recommended. Future studies should examine other antecedents of entrepreneurial orientation, such as social emotional wealth, innovation orientation among others which are key in family businesses. Family business owners should incorporate calculated risk-taking and competitive drive into their succession planning, while also promoting a collective vision and consensus when exercising autonomy and proactivity. This study uniquely shows how integrating calculated risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness with goal-setting theory enhances succession planning.
Impact and sustainability of master trainer-led obstetric emergency skills training in Uganda: a qualitative study
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2026-10-12)
Hakim, Rebecca;
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Bailey, Helen;
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Shah, Nishel Mohan ;
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Dalton, John
Background Maternal mortality remains a major challenge in Uganda, where the maternal mortality ratio is 189 per 100,000 births – fifty time higher than in the UK. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Excellence in Obstetric Skills (EOS) and Resilience in Obstetric Skills (ROS) courses used a train-the-trainer model, creating locally based Master Trainers (MTs), to strengthen management of obstetric emergencies in Uganda. This qualitative study explored the perceived impact, benefits and sustainability of these courses from the perspectives of Ugandan MTs and UK-based stakeholders.Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with seven purposively sampled participants: five Ugandan MTs and two UK-based stakeholders involved in the programme’s development or support. Interviews were conducted via Zoom, transcribed, anonymised and analysed using inductive thematic analysis, following Braun and Clarke’s approach, by two independent researchers, with disagreements resolved by discussion and input from senior authors.Results Four overarching themes were identified: expected outcomes including improved clinical knowledge, escalation and knowledge cascading; unexpected outcomes including career development, improved patient communication and enhanced physical environments; challenges, including variable skills uptake, course duration, funding constraints and staff attrition; and sustainability, spanning funding, government accreditation, workforce retention, mentorship and integration into continuing professional development. Participants perceived increased confidence in managing emergencies and anecdotal reductions in maternal mortality, alongside persistent barriers including a lack of formal accreditation, inconsistent funding and understaffing that limited lasting impact.Conclusions Participants perceived the EOS/ROS courses to have benefits beyond clinical skills. Reported improvements in maternal care and mortality were anecdotal and do not establish a causal relationship. Sustainable delivery of the Master Trainer model may require formal accreditation, dedicated funding and integration into continuing professional development and ongoing skills development.
HIV service delivery after the PEPFAR and USAID HIV funding withdrawal in Uganda and Zimbabwe: an interrupted time-series study
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026-10-04)
Cust, Henry;
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Chabata, Sungai T
In January 2025, the US Government froze foreign aid and halted the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the largest external funder of HIV services globally. Early modelling studies and rapid assessments warned of major harm to millions, but robust quantitative evidence from those who relied most on the lost funding has been absent. We aimed to estimate the effect of the US funding withdrawal on HIV prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), testing, and treatment services provided by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) serving primarily key populations in Uganda and Zimbabwe.BACKGROUNDIn January 2025, the US Government froze foreign aid and halted the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the largest external funder of HIV services globally. Early modelling studies and rapid assessments warned of major harm to millions, but robust quantitative evidence from those who relied most on the lost funding has been absent. We aimed to estimate the effect of the US funding withdrawal on HIV prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), testing, and treatment services provided by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) serving primarily key populations in Uganda and Zimbabwe.In this interrupted time-series study, we used monthly and quarterly service-delivery data from NGOs in Uganda and Zimbabwe from January 2023 up to March 2026. All received stop-work orders and subsequent funding cuts. Core service indicators across prevention, PrEP, treatment, and testing were normalised into domain indices, in which 100 represents their mean 2024 amount. The main outcome was the change in these service indicators because of funding cuts. Specifying February 2025 as the interruption point, we estimated effects with an unweighted panel interrupted time-series (the organisation level) and a client-weighted interrupted time-series (the key-population level) on these indices.METHODSIn this interrupted time-series study, we used monthly and quarterly service-delivery data from NGOs in Uganda and Zimbabwe from January 2023 up to March 2026. All received stop-work orders and subsequent funding cuts. Core service indicators across prevention, PrEP, treatment, and testing were normalised into domain indices, in which 100 represents their mean 2024 amount. The main outcome was the change in these service indicators because of funding cuts. Specifying February 2025 as the interruption point, we estimated effects with an unweighted panel interrupted time-series (the organisation level) and a client-weighted interrupted time-series (the key-population level) on these indices.Eight organisations agreed to participate; four were subsequently excluded for reasons of data quality, lack of funding impact, and location, with four subsequently included in this study. All four service domains showed large, sustained declines. Across both the unweighted and weighted specifications, prevention fell by 36·8-62·7 index points, PrEP by 43·0-71·6, treatment by 22·0-31·5, and testing by 58·7-63·8 index points in February 2025 (index points are equivalent to percentage change from mean 2024 amounts). 95% CIs excluded zero for all estimates except PrEP in the unweighted panel. Services remained substantially below the 2024 amount up to March 2026. The antiretroviral therapy humanitarian waiver attenuated treatment effects but did not prevent substantial decline.FINDINGSEight organisations agreed to participate; four were subsequently excluded for reasons of data quality, lack of funding impact, and location, with four subsequently included in this study. All four service domains showed large, sustained declines. Across both the unweighted and weighted specifications, prevention fell by 36·8-62·7 index points, PrEP by 43·0-71·6, treatment by 22·0-31·5, and testing by 58·7-63·8 index points in February 2025 (index points are equivalent to percentage change from mean 2024 amounts). 95% CIs excluded zero for all estimates except PrEP in the unweighted panel. Services remained substantially below the 2024 amount up to March 2026. The antiretroviral therapy humanitarian waiver attenuated treatment effects but did not prevent substantial decline.The sudden withdrawal of US funding was followed by severe, sustained disruptions to HIV service delivery in Uganda and Zimbabwe across all major domains, with the largest declines in prevention, PrEP, and testing services for key populations. These results are the first quantitative findings on service-volume changes in NGOs whose US funding was terminated or sharply cut and illustrate the effect on the NGO-led, key-population layer of HIV services in sub-Saharan Africa. These services are crucial to people living with HIV to remain healthy and have a good quality of life. Urgent investment in service-continuity protocols and domestic financing is needed to prevent a rebound in HIV incidence.INTERPRETATIONThe sudden withdrawal of US funding was followed by severe, sustained disruptions to HIV service delivery in Uganda and Zimbabwe across all major domains, with the largest declines in prevention, PrEP, and testing services for key populations. These results are the first quantitative findings on service-volume changes in NGOs whose US funding was terminated or sharply cut and illustrate the effect on the NGO-led, key-population layer of HIV services in sub-Saharan Africa. These services are crucial to people living with HIV to remain healthy and have a good quality of life. Urgent investment in service-continuity protocols and domestic financing is needed to prevent a rebound in HIV incidence.The Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation Endowment Fund, the Sanford School of Public Policy, and Duke Global Publications Fund.FUNDINGThe Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation Endowment Fund, the Sanford School of Public Policy, and Duke Global Publications Fund. MEDLINE - Academic
Children with cerebral malaria report lower long-term health-related quality of life four to twenty years after the illness, with decreased EQ-5D-3L and VAS scores versus children with severe malarial anemia and community peers.
(Elsevier Inc, 2027-03)
Ochanda, Perez N.;
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Bangirana, Paul;
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Kamya, Carol ;
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Aakvik, Arild;
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Datta, Dibyadyuti;
Children with cerebral malaria report lower long-term health-related quality of life four to twenty years after the illness, with decreased EQ-5D-3L and VAS scores versus children with severe malarial anemia and community peers.
Hazardous child labour in smallholder coffee farming systems in Uganda: Prevalence, determinants, and implications for children's education
(Elseveir, 2026-10)
Isoto, Rosemary Emegu;
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Schilling, Friederike;
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Shortall, Patrick ;
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Bashaasha, Bernhard;
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von Braun, Joachim
Hazardous child labour remains a concern in smallholder agricultural production, where household economic constraints and seasonal labour demands may expose children to activities that threaten their health, safety, and educational development. This study examines the prevalence, determinants, and educational implications of hazardous child labour in smallholder coffee farming systems in Uganda. It draws on primary data collected in October 2024 from 491 coffee-producing households across five major coffee-producing regions, covering 1,252 children aged 5–17 years. Using probit regression, multivariate probit models, and ordinary least squares regression, the study analyses children's exposure to physical and mechanical hazards, environmental and chemical hazards, and hazardous working conditions and time-related risks, alongside their educational attainment. The findings indicate that 42% of the children participated in coffee-related activities, while 23% of the children engaged in labour during the seven days preceding the survey had experienced hazardous activities in coffee production during the preceding 12 months. Common hazards included the use of sharp tools, land clearing, and excessive working hours on school days. Older children were more likely to engage in hazardous work, while higher household per capita expenditure was associated with a lower likelihood of hazardous child labour. Children who were biological children or grandchildren of household heads were less likely to participate in hazardous activities than other children residing in the household. Furthermore, hazardous child labour was significantly associated with wider educational gaps, particularly among children exposed to environmental and chemical hazards and hazardous working conditions. Given the cross-sectional design, these relationships should be interpreted as associations rather than causal effects. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions that address household economic vulnerability, strengthen child protection and awareness, and support continued school participation while reducing children's exposure to hazardous activities in coffee production.