Development Induced Displacement; A Review of Risks Faced by Communities in Developing Countries
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sociology and Anthropology
Abstract
About 15 million people every year are
forced to live their homes to give way for huge
development projects such as dams, highways, and mining.
In most developing countries, such projects have been
noted to increase ecological and social vulnerability, thus
leaving the affected people displaced, disempowered and
destitute. The literature review paper focused on the
different risks communities are exposed to due to
development induced displacement and resettlement. The
data presented is review of online peer-reviewed and grey
literature between the years 1980 through 2018. The risks
analyzed through the Impoverishment, Risk and
Reconstruction (IRR) model acts as a guide in selecting
and understanding the risks of development induced
displacement and Resettlement (DIDR) during social
vulnerability assessment. Often the question of social
vulnerability has been largely ignored due to the difficulty
in quantification. Risk analysis also provides ground to
further investigate reasons for the occurrence and
persistency of the risks, in developing countries such as
India, Sudan and Kenya. The findings of the review
through the IRR model indicated that displacement and
resettlement exposes project affected people to some
opportunities, but largely associated with more risks. Some
of the reasons for the persistency of the risks included;
compensation for lost properties and lack of experience and
capacity to handle resettlement processes. Identifying
reasons for the persistency of the already known risks,
especially in developing countries builds on the previous
work on DIDR risks by Micheal Cernea and other
researchers.
Description
Keywords
Consequences, Communities, Development Induced Displacement, Risks, Developing Countries
Citation
Aboda, C., Mugagga, F., Byakagaba, P., & Nabanoga, G. (2019). Development induced displacement: A review of risks faced by communities in developing countries. Sociology and Anthropology, 7(2), 100-110. DOI: 10.13189/sa.2019.070205