Latent Tuberculosis Infection Status of Pregnant Women in Uganda Determined Using QuantiFERON TB Gold-Plus

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Date
2021Author
Bongomin, Felix
Ssekamatte, Phillip
Nattabi, Gloria
Olum, Ronald
Ninsiima, Sandra
Kyazze, Andrew Peter
Nabakka, Winnie
Kukunda, Rebecca
Cose, Stephen
Kibirige, Davis
Batte, Charles
Kaddumukasa, Mark
Kirenga, Bruce J.
Nakimuli, Annettee
Baruch Baluku, Joseph
ndia-Biraro, Irene A
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Show full item recordAbstract
The risk of progression of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to active disease increases with pregnancy. This
study determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with LTBI among pregnant women in Uganda.
Methods. We enrolled 261 pregnant women, irrespective of gestational age. Participants who had known or suspected active tuberculosis
(TB) on the basis of clinical evaluation or who had recently received treatment for TB were excluded. LTBI was defined as
an interferon-γ concentration ≥0.35 IU/mL (calculated as either TB1 [eliciting CD4+ T-cell responses] or TB2 [eliciting CD8+ T-cell
responses] antigen minus nil) using QuantiFERON TB Gold-Plus (QFT-plus) assay.
Results. LTBI prevalence was 37.9% (n = 99) (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.3–44.0). However, 24 (9.2%) subjects had indeterminate
QFT-plus results. Among participants with LTBI, TB1 and TB2 alone were positive in 11 (11.1%) and 18 (18.2%) participants, respectively.
In multivariable analysis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.4 [95% confidence interval
{CI}, 1.1–18.0]; P = .04) and age 30–39 years (aOR, 4.0 [95% CI, 1.2–12.7]; P = .02) were independently associated with LTBI. Meanwhile,
smoking status, alcohol use, nature of residence, crowding index, and TB contact were not associated with LTBI.
Conclusions. Our findings are in keeping with the evidence that HIV infection and advancing age are important risk factors for
LTBI in pregnancy. In our setting, we recommend routine screening for LTBI and TB preventive therapy among eligible pregnant
women.
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- Medical and Health Sciences [3670]