Pertussis Prevalence and Its Determinants among Children with Persistent Cough in Urban Uganda
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Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PLoS ONE
Abstract
We determined prevalence of pertussis infection and its associated host and environmental
factors to generate information that would guide strategies for disease control.
Methods
In a cross-sectional study, 449 children aged 3 months to 12 years with persistent cough
lasting 14 days were enrolled and evaluated for pertussis using DNA polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) and ELISA serology tests.
Results
Pertussis prevalence was 67 (15% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 12–18)) and 81 (20%
(95% CI: 16–24)) by PCR and ELISA, respectively among 449 participating children. The
prevalence was highest in children with >59 months of age despite high vaccination coverage
of 94% in this age group. Study demographic and clinical characteristics were similar
between pertussis and non-pertussis cases. Of the 449 children, 133 (30%) had a coughing
household member and 316 (70%) did not. Among 133 children that had a coughing household
member, sex of child, sharing bed with a coughing household member and having a
coughing individual in the neighborhood were factors associated with pertussis. Children
that had shared a bed with a coughing household individual had seven-fold likelihood of
having pertussis compared to children that did not (odds ratio (OR) 7.16 (95% CI: 1.24–
41.44)). Among the 316 children that did not have a coughing household member, age <23
months, having or contact with a coughing individual in neighborhood, a residence with one
room, and having a caretaker with >40 years of age were the factors associated with pertussis.
Age <23months was three times more likely to be associated with pertussis compared
to age 24–59 months (OR 2.97 (95% CI: 1.07–8.28)). Conclusion
Findings suggest high prevalence of pertussis among children with persistent cough at a
health facility and it was marked in children >59 months of age, suggesting the possibility of
waning immunity. The factors associated with pertussis varied by presence or absence of a
coughing household member.
Description
Keywords
Pertussis Prevalence, Determinants among Children, Cough, Urban Uganda
Citation
Kayina V, Kyobe S, Katabazi FA, Kigozi E, Okee M, Odongkara B, et al. (2015) Pertussis Prevalence and Its Determinants among Children with Persistent Cough in Urban Uganda. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0123240. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123240