Browsing by Author "Owston, Michael A."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A preliminary report on the feeding of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with a high-sugar high-fat diet for 33 weeks
    (Journal of medical primatology, 2011) Mubiru, James N.; Garcia-Forey, Magdalena; Higgins, Paul B.; Hemmat, Peggah; Cavazos, Nicole E.; Owston, Michael A.; Bauer, Cassondra A.; Shade, Robert E.; Comuzzie, Anthony G.; Rogers, Jeffrey
    The metabolic syndrome is common in populations exposed to a typical Western diet. There is a lack of an animal model that mimics this condition. Methods We fed 15 cynomolgus monkeys ad libitum a high-sugar high-fat (HSHF) diet for 33 weeks. Body weight, body composition, serum lipids, and insulin were measured at baseline and at 33 weeks. Results The animals tolerated the HSHF diet very well. In the intervention group, total serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 3- and 5-fold higher, respectively, at 33 weeks as compared with their baseline levels. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly affected. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis of the intervention group indicated that the trunk fat mass increased by 187% during this period. Conclusions Cynomolgus monkeys should be a useful model for investigating the interactions of diet and other factors such as genetics in the development of the metabolic syndrome.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Changes in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) on a High Sugar High Fat Diet
    (The Prostate, 2012) Mubiru, James N.; Garcia-Forey, Magdalena; Cavazos, Nicole; Hemmat, Peggah; Dick, Edward J.; Owston, Michael A.; Bauer, Cassondra A.; Shade, Robert E.; Rogers, Jeffrey
    An inverse relationship between serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and body mass index (BMI) has been reported in men but not in any animal model. METHODS. Serum PSA in a colony of cynomolgus monkeys was assayed and correlated to body weight, prostate weight, and age. In addition, 15 animals were selected and fed a high sugar high fat (HSHF) diet for 49 weeks to increase their BMI and correlate it to PSA RESULTS. Serum PSA levels were positively correlated to prostate weight (r ¼ 0.515, P ¼ 0.025) and age (r ¼ 0.548, P ¼ 0.00072) but was not significantly correlated to body weight (r ¼ 0.032, P ¼ 0.419). For the animals on the HSHF diet, body weight, lean mass, fat mass, and BMI were significantly higher at 49 weeks than at baseline (P < 0.01). PSA was not significantly correlated to body weight and insulin at both baseline and 49 weeks. PSA was negatively correlated to BMI and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at 49 weeks but not at baseline. In addition, we observed hepatic steatosis and increases in serum liver enzymes. CONCLUSIONS. Increases in BMI in cynomolgus monkeys as a result of consuming a HSHF diet resulted in PSA changes similar to those in humans with increased BMI. Cynomolgus monkeys are a useful model for investigating the relationship between obesity, diabetes, and PSA changes resulting from prostate gland pathology.