High pathogenicity and low genetic evolution of avian paramyxovirus type I (Newcastle disease virus) isolated from live bird markets in Uganda
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Date
2014
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Virology Journal
Abstract
Newcastle disease is still a serious disease of poultry especially in backyard free-range production
systems despite the availability of cross protective vaccines. Healthy-looking poultry from live bird markets have
been suspected as a major source of disease spread although limited studies have been conducted to ascertain
the presence of the virulent strains in the markets and to understand how they are related to outbreak strains.
Methods: This study evaluated the occurrence of Newcastle disease virus in samples collected from poultry in
live bird markets across Uganda. The isolates were pathoyped using standard methods (mean death time (MDT),
intracelebral pathogenicity index (ICPI), and sequencing of the fusion protein cleavage site motif) and also
phylogenetically analysed after sequencing of the full fusion and hemagglutin-neuraminidase genes. The isolates
were classified into genotypes and subgenotypes based on the full fusion protein gene classification system and
compared with other strains in the region and world-wide. Results: Virulent avian paramyxovirus type I (APMV-1) (Newcastle disease virus) was isolated in healthy-looking poultry in live bird markets. The viruses belonged to a new subgenotype, Vd, in genotype V, and clustered together with Tanzania and Kenya strains. They harbored low genetic diversity.
Conclusion: The occurrence of virulent AMPV-1 strains in live bird markets may serve as sources of Newcastle
disease outbreaks in non-commercial farms
Description
Keywords
Newcastle disease virus, Live bird markets, Genetic diversity
Citation
Byarugaba, D. K., Mugimba, K. K., Omony, J. B., Okitwi, M., Wanyana, A., Otim, M. O., ... & Ducatez, M. F. (2014). High pathogenicity and low genetic evolution of avian paramyxovirus type I (Newcastle disease virus) isolated from live bird markets in Uganda. Virology Journal, 11(1), 1-13.