The impact of maternal infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the infant response to bacille Calmette–Gue´rin immunization
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Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Abstract
Bacille Calmette–Gue´rin (BCG) immunization provides variable protection against tuberculosis. Prenatal antigen exposure may have lifelong effects on responses to related antigens and pathogens. We therefore hypothesized that maternal latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) influences infant responses to BCG immunization at birth. We measured antibody (n ¼ 53) and cellular (n ¼ 31) responses to M. tuberculosis purified protein derivative (PPD) in infants of mothers with and without LTBI, in cord blood and at one and six weeks after BCG. The concentrations of PPD-specific antibodies
declined between birth (median [interquartile range (IQR)]) 5600 ng ml21 [3300–11 050] in cord blood) and sixweeks (0.00 ng ml21 [0–288]). Frequencies of PPD-specific IFN-g-expressing CD4þT cells increased at one week and declined between one and six weeks ( p ¼ 0.031). Frequencies of IL-2- and TNF-a-expressing PPD-specific CD4þT cells increased between one and
six weeks ( p ¼ 0.019, p ¼ 0.009, respectively). At one week, the frequency of PPD-specific CD4þT cells expressing any of the three cytokines, combined, was lower among infants of mothers with LTBI, in crude analyses ( p ¼ 0.002) and after adjusting for confounders (mean difference, 95% CI 20.041% (20.082, 20.001)). In conclusion, maternal LTBI was associated with lower infant anti-mycobacterial T-cell responses immediately following BCGimmunization. These findings are being explored further in a larger study.
Description
Keywords
Maternal infection, Mycobacteria, Bacille Calmette–Gue´rin, Purified protein derivative, Tuberculosis, Immunization
Citation
Mawa, P. A., Nkurunungi, G., Egesa, M., Webb, E. L., Smith, S. G., Kizindo, R., ... & Elliott, A. M. (2015). The impact of maternal infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the infant response to bacille Calmette–Guérin immunization. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1671), 20140137.http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0137