Characterisation of the Environmental Presence of Hepatitis A Virus in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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dc.contributor.authorKuodi, Paul
dc.contributor.authorPatterson, Jenna
dc.contributor.authorHussey, Gregory D.
dc.contributor.authorKagina, Benjamin M.
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-14T18:42:11Z
dc.date.available2023-02-14T18:42:11Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractA total of 2092 records were retrieved, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. 21 studies were conducted in Tunisia, India and South Africa, and the rest were from Philippines, Pakistan, Morocco, Chad, Mozambique, Kenya and Uganda. In Tunisian raw sewage samples, the prevalence of HAV ranged from 12% to 68%, with an estimated average detection rate of 50% (95% CI 25 to 75), whereas HAV detection in treated sewage in Tunisia ranged from 23% to 65%, with an estimated average detection rate of 38% (95% CI 20 to 57). The prevalence of HAV detection in South African treated sewage and surface water samples ranged from 4% to 37% and from 16% to 76%, with an estimated average detection rates of 15% (95% CI 1 to 29) and 51% (95% CI 21 to 80), respectively. Over the review period, the estimated average detection rate of environmental HAV presence appeared to have declined by 10%. The quality of included studies was fair, but sampling issues and paucity of data limited the strength of the review findings.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKuodi, P., Patterson, J., Silal, S., Hussey, G. D., & Kagina, B. M. (2020). Characterisation of the environmental presence of hepatitis A virus in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 10(9), e036407.http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036407en_US
dc.identifier.issn2044-6055
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/7794
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBMJ openen_US
dc.subjecthepatitis Aen_US
dc.subjectenvironmentalen_US
dc.subjectvirusen_US
dc.titleCharacterisation of the Environmental Presence of Hepatitis A Virus in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysisen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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