Genetically Distinct Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Populations in the Lake Kyoga Region of Uganda and Its Relevance for Human African Trypanosomiasis
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Date
2013
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
BioMed research international
Abstract
Tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) are the sole vectors of Trypanosoma brucei—the agent of human (HAT) and animal (AAT)
trypanosomiasis. Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Gff ) is the main vector species in Uganda—the only country where the two forms
of HAT disease (rhodesiense and gambiense) occur, with gambiense limited to the northwest. Gff populations cluster in three
genetically distinct groups in northern, southern, and western Uganda, respectively, with a contact zone present in central Uganda.
Understanding the dynamics of this contact zone is epidemiologically important as the merger of the two diseases is amajor health
concern.We used mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA data fromGff samples in the contact zone to understand its spatial extent
and temporal stability.We show that this zone is relatively narrow, extending through central Uganda alongmajor rivers with south
to north introgression but displaying no sex-biased dispersal. Lack of obvious vicariant barriers suggests that either environmental
conditions or reciprocal competitive exclusion could explain the patterns of genetic differentiation observed. Lack of admixture
between northern and southern populations may prevent the sympatry of the two forms of HAT disease, although continued
control efforts are needed to prevent the recolonization of tsetse-free regions by neighboring populations.
Description
Keywords
Glossina fuscipes, Lake Kyoga Region, Human African Trypanosomiasis, Uganda
Citation
Echodu, R., Sistrom, M., Hyseni, C., Enyaru, J., Okedi, L., Aksoy, S., & Caccone, A. (2013). Genetically distinct Glossina fuscipes fuscipes populations in the Lake Kyoga region of Uganda and its relevance for human African trypanosomiasis. BioMed research international , 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/614721