Coreceptor Tropism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype D: High Prevalence of CXCR4 Tropism and Heterogeneous Composition of Viral Populations
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Date
2007
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of virology
Abstract
In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B, CXCR4 coreceptor use ranges from 20% in early infection to 50% in advanced disease. Coreceptor use by non-subtype B HIV is less well characterized. We studied coreceptor tropism of subtype A and D HIV-1 collected from 68 pregnant, antiretroviral drug-naive Ugandan women (HIVNET 012 trial). None of 33 subtype A or 10 A/D-recombinant viruses used the CXCR4 coreceptor. In contrast, nine (36%) of 25 subtype D viruses used both CXCR4 and CCR5 coreceptors. Clonal analyses of the nine subtype D samples with dual or mixed tropism revealed heterogeneous viral populations comprised of X4-, R5-, and dual-tropic HIV-1 variants. In five of the six samples with dual-tropic strains, V3 loop sequences of dual-tropic clones were identical to those of cocirculating R5-tropic clones, indicating the presence of CXCR4 tropism determinants outside of the V3 loop. These dual-tropic variants with R5-tropic-like V3 loops, which we designated
“dual-R,” use CCR5 much more efficiently than CXCR4, in contrast to dual-tropic clones with X4-tropic-like V3
loops (“dual-X”). These observations have implications for pathogenesis and treatment of subtype D-infected
individuals, for the association between V3 sequence and coreceptor tropism phenotype, and for understanding
potential mechanisms of evolution from exclusive CCR5 use to efficient CXCR4 use by subtype D HIV-1.
Description
Keywords
Coreceptor Tropism, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, CXCR4 Tropism, Heterogeneous Composition, Viral Populations
Citation
Huang, W., Eshleman, S. H., Toma, J., Fransen, S., Stawiski, E., Paxinos, E. E., ... & Petropoulos, C. J. (2007). Coreceptor tropism in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype D: high prevalence of CXCR4 tropism and heterogeneous composition of viral populations. Journal of virology, 81(15), 7885-7893.doi:10.1128/JVI.00218-07