Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Rural Uganda
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Date
2014
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
British Microbiology Research Journal
Abstract
This study aimed at describing the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus
isolated from clinical samples at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital from 2003 to 2012.
Methods: This was a retrospective study that included clinical specimens cultured at the
Microbiology laboratory of Mbarara Regional referral hospital between 2003 and 2012.
Cultures and sensitivity data were abstracted from the laboratory registers using a data
abstraction form. Among the positive culture reports, the antibiotic sensitivity of the
common bacteria isolated were also recorded. Analysis of susceptibility data was limited to
Staphylococcus aureus, the commonest organism identified. The data were entered into
Epi info and exported to Stata Version 12.1 for analysis. Results: A total of 36,080 cultures were performed over a period of 10 years. Of these
7,744 (21.5%) specimens grew an organism. S. aureus was the most prevalent organism
isolated. Fifty nine percent of the S. aureus was isolated from blood samples followed by
22% from pus samples, urine (8%) and HVS (5%). During the study period, resistance of
S.aureus to chloramphenicol, amoxycillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole
ranged from 50-90% while S. aureus resistance to Gentamicin and ceftriaxone ranged
from 10-20%.
Conclusion: Over the last decade, S. aureus isolates showed up to 90% resistance to
commonly prescribed oral antibiotics. We recommend regular review of antibiotic
resistance patterns to inform hospitals’ on guidelines on empirical antibiotic prescription,
especially in resource-limited settings where susceptibility testing may not be feasible.
Description
Keywords
Antibiotics, Resistance patterns, Sensitivity patterns, Staphylococcus aureus, Hospital, Oral, Parenteral, Empirical antibiotic prescriptions
Citation
Bazira, J., II, Y. B., Sempa, J., Iramiot, J., Nanjebe, D., Sewankambo, N., & Nakanjako, D. (2014). Trends in antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from clinical samples at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Rural Uganda. British Microbiology Research Journal.