Trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer in Central Uganda, 1960–1980 and 1991–2005
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Date
2009
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
British journal of cancer
Abstract
Trends in primary liver cancer (PLC) incidence rates will generally
reflect temporal changes in exposure to aetiological agents.
Worldwide, and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular, the great
majority of PLCs are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In North
America and Europe at present, HCCs are one of the few cancers
observed with increasing incidence (Taylor-Robinson et al, 1997;
El-Serag, 2004; West et al, 2006), largely attributed to earlier
exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) (Davila et al, 2004).
Prevalence of obesity and diabetes has also been increasing in
these populations during concurrent time periods and has been
suggested as another possible aetiological factor in rising HCC
rates (Calle et al, 2003; El-Serag et al, 2004).
However, trends in HCC rates from other regions are less clear.
In particular, limited data exist from regions where HCCs is
primarily attributable to chronic hepatitis B viral infection. In
Asia, HCC rates may be declining (Goh, 1997; McGlynn et al,
2001). Reductions in HCC incidence among young children in
Taiwan has been linked to nation-wide hepatitis B vaccination
(Chang et al, 1997). In sub-Saharan Africa, hepatitis B viral
infection is endemic and the attributable fraction of HCCs due to
hepatitis B virus (HBV) is high (B60%) (Kirk et al, 2004; Parkin,
2006). Further, most African countries do not routinely provide or
only recently initiated hepatitis B vaccination as part of their
national immunisation programmes. Urbanisation, obesity, and
HIV infection might also affect HCC rates in Africa. To
characterise temporal trends in HCC rates within an urban African
population, we evaluated cancer registry data collected in Central
Uganda from 1960 through 2005.
Description
Keywords
Primary liver cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Cancer registry, Africa, Gender differences, Human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)
Citation
Ocama, P., Nambooze, S., Opio, C. K., Shiels, M. S., Wabinga, H. R., & Kirk, G. D. (2009). Trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer in Central Uganda, 1960–1980 and 1991–2005. British journal of cancer, 100(5), 799-802. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604893