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Item Unbundling barriers to electricity security in Uganda: A review(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-11) Wabukala, Benard M.;; Bergland, Olvar;; Rudaheranwa, Nichodemus ;; Watundu, Susan;; Adaramola, Muyiwa S.;; Ngoma, Muhammed;; Rwaheru, Ambrose A.Electricity propels economic development through improvement in the quality of life. Even though government's strategy to increase power generation and supply exists, Uganda experiences regular power outages and has one of the lowest electrification rates in the world. This study employs a systematic review approach and extends securitisation theory to the electricity sector to characterise electricity security and assess its barriers in Uganda. In this context, five dimensions of electricity security are identified and compared. Based on this set of dimensions, results show that Uganda is electricity “insecure.” Further, six (6) barriers to electricity security in Uganda are identified, and each of them is assessed as either existential, potential, or both. Thus, interventions that alleviate or mitigate these barriers can improve Uganda's electricity security. A quantitative empirical analysis using longitudinal data could offer superior evidence and conclusion on electricity security in Uganda.Item Assessment of the Enabling Rural Innovation (ERI) approach: Case studies from Malawi and Uganda(Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008-04-04) Kaaria, Susan; Njuki, Jemimah; Abenakyo, Annet; Delve, Robert; Sanginga, PascalThis paper presents lessons from applying an innovative action research approach for linking smallholder farmers to markets, in eastern and southern Africa. The Enabling Rural Innovation (ERI) approach aims to strengthen social organization and entrepreneurial capacity in rural communities. It focuses on fostering community-based capacity for the inclusion of rural women and the poor in analyzing and accessing market opportunities. Using case studies from Malawi and Uganda the paper assesses the outcomes of ERI on rural communities with a focus on human capital, gender issues and investment in natural resource management. Results show that households are benefiting significantly from linkages to markets in terms of increasing household incomes, and accumulating assets. Skills in analyzing markets and in negotiating with traders have increased among smallholder farmers. The integration of gender in the approach has led to changes in gender decision making patterns at household and community level towards a more shared decision-making process. The results however show a difference in skills between men and women, with women showing lower levels of skills acquisition. Farmer participatory research has increased investments in improved technologies such as fertilizer applications for soil fertility management.Item Geothermal reservoir prediction using electrical resistivity maps: A case study of Lili Sepporaki Indonesia(Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, 2019-10-31) Mutebi, Denis; Andi, Agus Nur; Agus, Didit Haryanto; Kazinda, MichaelThe objective of this study is to predict the location of the geothermal reservoir through interpretation of Magnetotelluric depth-resistivity maps, with reference to Lili-Sepporaki geothermal area. Lili-Sepporaki is a nonmagmatic prospect located in Polewali Mandar, Western Sulawesi-Indonesia. The study area is dominated by andesitic to trachytic to trachytic tertiary volcanic products. The only thermal manifestations in the area are the hot springs and rock alterations. Previous geochemical studies found out the hot spring water has temperature of 98oC and the reservoir temperature of 190oC. A big portion of the surface rocks are weathered and hydrothermally altered owing to indings from magnetic and Bouguer gravity surveys. This research utilized two-dimensional magnetotellurics data to locate resistivity anomalies in the subsurface. MT data was processed using SSMT2000 and MTEditor software programs while WinGLink software was used in the interpretation of the data. Four resistivity maps were obtained, each corresponding to one of the depths: 500 m; 1000 m; 1500 m; and 2000 m. There is a general sharp reduction in resistivity as opposed to the conventional resistivity of fresh igneous rocks. Analysis shows that the reservoir appears between depths of 1000 m and 2000 in different parts of the survey area, with prospect boundaries located in the South, South West and South East. A three-dimensional MT data analysis and exploration drilling are recommendable in order to get a detailed geothermal model.Item Future climate and demographic changes will almost double the risk of schistosomiasis transmission in the Lake Victoria Basin(Elsevier B.V, 2025-07-17) Tabo, Zadoki;; Wangalwa, Rapheal;; Rwibutso, Marcellin ;; Breuer, Lutz;; Albrecht, ChristianThe Lake Victoria Basin (LVB), supporting millions of people across Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi, is a critical freshwater ecosystem. However, it faces significant One Health challenges, notably urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis, diseases transmitted by Bulinus and Biomphalaria snails, respectively. Climate, topography, environmental and demographic drivers influence snail habitat suitability and distribution, potentially increasing schistosomiasis risks for communities dependent on agriculture, fishing, and water-related livelihoods.BackgroundThe Lake Victoria Basin (LVB), supporting millions of people across Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi, is a critical freshwater ecosystem. However, it faces significant One Health challenges, notably urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis, diseases transmitted by Bulinus and Biomphalaria snails, respectively. Climate, topography, environmental and demographic drivers influence snail habitat suitability and distribution, potentially increasing schistosomiasis risks for communities dependent on agriculture, fishing, and water-related livelihoods.This study applied ecological ensemble modeling (Random Forest, XGBoost, and MaxEnt) to identify key drivers of habitat suitability, assessing current and future climate scenarios under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, and overlaying habitat suitability and population density to quantify human exposure risks associated with Biomphalaria and Bulinus snails. Snail occurrence data were sourced from biodiversity databases, field surveys, and literature. Predictor variables included climatic (temperature, precipitation), topographic (elevation, slope, proximity to water bodies), and environmental (vegetation index, soil composition) features.MethodsThis study applied ecological ensemble modeling (Random Forest, XGBoost, and MaxEnt) to identify key drivers of habitat suitability, assessing current and future climate scenarios under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, and overlaying habitat suitability and population density to quantify human exposure risks associated with Biomphalaria and Bulinus snails. Snail occurrence data were sourced from biodiversity databases, field surveys, and literature. Predictor variables included climatic (temperature, precipitation), topographic (elevation, slope, proximity to water bodies), and environmental (vegetation index, soil composition) features.For Bulinus, habitat suitability increased with higher precipitation and elevation but decreased with rising vegetation index NDVI, silt content, and temperature seasonality as key drivers. Similarly, Biomphalaria suitability improved with higher precipitation and elevation but declined with increasing NDVI, slope, and temperature seasonality. Currently, Biomphalaria and Bulinus are primarily concentrated around Lake Victoria, with 17 % and 14 % of the area suitable for their habitat, a figure projected to increase to 21 % and 18 % by 2050. By 2050, medium -risk zones for intestinal schistosomiasis are expected to almost double from 13 % to 22 %, while those for urogenital schistosomiasis are projected to more than double from 8 % to 18 % of the total area. This study predicts a rising schistosomiasis risk across the LVB, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. A proactive One Health approach, integrating environmental management, strategic disease control, and policy adaptation, is vital to reducing future risks and protecting vulnerable communities.FindingsFor Bulinus, habitat suitability increased with higher precipitation and elevation but decreased with rising vegetation index NDVI, silt content, and temperature seasonality as key drivers. Similarly, Biomphalaria suitability improved with higher precipitation and elevation but declined with increasing NDVI, slope, and temperature seasonality. Currently, Biomphalaria and Bulinus are primarily concentrated around Lake Victoria, with 17 % and 14 % of the area suitable for their habitat, a figure projected to increase to 21 % and 18 % by 2050. By 2050, medium -risk zones for intestinal schistosomiasis are expected to almost double from 13 % to 22 %, while those for urogenital schistosomiasis are projected to more than double from 8 % to 18 % of the total area. This study predicts a rising schistosomiasis risk across the LVB, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. A proactive One Health approach, integrating environmental management, strategic disease control, and policy adaptation, is vital to reducing future risks and protecting vulnerable communities. MEDLINE - AcademicItem Remote Ischaemic Conditioning in STEMI Patients in Sub-Saharan AFRICA: Rationale and Study Design for the RIC-AFRICA Trial(Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, 2021-11-05) Lukhna, Kishal; Mutyaba, Arthur; Kiggundu, Brian; Variava, Ebrahim; Ntsekhe, MpikoDespite evidence of myocardial infarct size reduction in animal studies, remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) failed to improve clinical outcomes in the large CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI trial. Potential reasons include that the predominantly low-risk study participants all received timely optimal reperfusion therapy by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Whether RIC can improve clinical outcomes in higher-risk STEMI patients in environments with poor access to early reperfusion or PPCI will be investigated in the RIC-AFRICA trial. The RIC-AFRICA study is a sub-Saharan African multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial designed to test the impact of RIC on the composite endpoint of 30-day mortality and heart failure in 1200 adult STEMI patients without access to PPCI. Randomized participants will be stratified by whether or not they receive thrombolytic therapy within 12 h or arrive outside the thrombolytic window (12–24 h). Participants will receive either RIC (four 5-min cycles of inflation [20 mmHg above systolic blood pressure] and deflation of an automated blood pressure cuff placed on the upper arm) or sham control (similar protocol but with low-pressure inflation of 20 mmHg and deflation) within 1 h of thrombolysis and applied daily for the next 2 days. STEMI patients arriving greater than 24 h after chest pain but within 72 h will be recruited to participate in a concurrently running independent observational arm. The RIC-AFRICA trial will determine whether RIC can reduce rates of death and heart failure in higher-risk sub-optimally reperfused STEMI patients, thereby providing a low-cost, non-invasive therapy for improving health outcomes.Item Geothermal reservoir prediction using electrical resistivity maps: A case study of Lili Sepporaki Indonesia(Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, 2019-10-31) Mutebi, Denis; Haryanto, Agus Didit; Kazinda, MichaelThe objective of this study is to predict the location of the geothermal reservoir through interpretation of Magnetotelluric depth-resistivity maps, with reference to Lili-Sepporaki geothermal area. Lili-Sepporaki is a nonmagmatic prospect located in Polewali Mandar, Western Sulawesi-Indonesia. The study area is dominated by andesitic to trachytic to trachytic tertiary volcanic products. The only thermal manifestations in the area are the hot springs and rock alterations. Previous geochemical studies found out the hot spring water has temperature of 98oC and the reservoir temperature of 190oC. A big portion of the surface rocks are weathered and hydrothermally altered owing to indings from magnetic and Bouguer gravity surveys. This research utilized two-dimensional magnetotellurics data to locate resistivity anomalies in the subsurface. MT data was processed using SSMT2000 and MTEditor software programs while WinGLink software was used in the interpretation of the data. Four resistivity maps were obtained, each corresponding to one of the depths: 500 m; 1000 m; 1500 m; and 2000 m. There is a general sharp reduction in resistivity as opposed to the conventional resistivity of fresh igneous rocks. Analysis shows that the reservoir appears between depths of 1000 m and 2000 in different parts of the survey area, with prospect boundaries located in the South, South West and South East. A three-dimensional MT data analysis and exploration drilling are recommendable in order to get a detailed geothermal model.Item Chinese-Funded Electricity Generation in Sub-Saharan Africa and Implications for Public Debt and Transition to Renewable Energy(Institute of Development Studies, 2021-09-06) Ayele, Seife; Mutyaba, VianneyWhile China has been increasingly contributing to the recent growth in electricity generation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the effects of China-funded investment on host countries’ debt burden and transition to renewable energy sources have not been sufficiently explored. Drawing on secondary data, combined with deep dive studies of Ethiopia and Uganda, this paper shows that despite significant liberalisation of the power sector in SSA, Chinese investments in the electricity industry continue to follow state-led project contract-based models. We show that this approach has failed to encourage Chinese firms to build compelling investment portfolios for competitive procurements within the region and, instead and inadvertently, it has exacerbated the debt burden of host country governments. Second, in spite of the global drive towards climate resilient energy generation, Chinese funding of electricity generation in SSA is not sufficiently channelled towards modern renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power that could reduce vulnerability to climate change. While recognising that the private sector-led competitive model of power generation is not without limitations, we argue that SSA’s electricity generation strategy that leads to less public debt and more climate resilience involves increased involvement of Chinese investment in the competitive model, with more diversification of such investment portfolios towards modern renewables such as wind and solar energy resources.Item Mainstreaming systematic climate action in energy infrastructure to support the sustainable development goals(npj Climate Action, 2024-04-19) Wernersson, Louise; Mutyaba, Robert; Stratton-Short, Samantha; Adshead, DanielThe energy sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for 37% of the world’s combined emissions, and plays a key role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is no systematic means for planners and practitioners to integrate climate considerations throughout the lifecycle of energy infrastructure projects. Using a thematic document analysis, we provide a comprehensive list of activities related to climate mitigation and adaptation which can be systematically mainstreamed into the energy sector project lifecycle to support a range of sustainable development outcomes. Two renewable energy projects were used to integrate the results into a practical context and demonstrate the range of potential SDG target synergies. The case studies demonstrate the varied means by which climate action can be integrated through mainstreaming in project lifecycle stages, holistically achieving wider SDG impacts. This work provides a practical means to maximise progress within the framework of climate-compatible development.Item Scenarios for adaptation and mitigation in urban Africa under 1.5 C global warming(Current opinion in environmental sustainability, 2018-02-12) Lwasa, Shuaib; Buyana, Kareem; Kasaija, Peter; Mutyaba, JobCities are considered to be at the frontline of the global climate change response, both from mitigation and adaptation perspectives. But many cities are engulfed in infrastructure deficits, carbon intensive development while urban poverty adds to this complexity in Africa. Africa's rapid urbanisation is coming with opportunities and challenges but the contribution of this urbanization to limit global warming at 1.5 degrees requires new knowledge on the interactions between adaptation and mitigation. Climate impacts on African cities are growing, with spatially differentiated warming of between 0.3 and 0.7 degrees. Rainfall redistribution and excessive rainstorms have impacted African cities in various ways. Many of the African cities are, however responding to the challenges through the formulation of adaptation plans, mitigation strategies with a strong focus on resilience and sustainable development—as outlined in the African Union's Agenda 2063. Given that most cities in Africa are low emitting cities, this paper discusses how adaptation and mitigation can be coupled using three scenarios in the context of 1.5-degree warming. It is also recognized that the different ecologies of Africa offer multiple possible pathways of adaptation and mitigation for increased African urban resilience.Item Climate hazard adaptation in Uganda’s tropical highlands: an actor-network theory perspective on gendered smallholder strategies and the role of non-state actors(Taylor & Francis group, 2025-06-18) Yeeko Kisira;; Martin Nabaasa;; Flavia Nnyanzi ;; Irene Josephine NayigaClimate hazards continue to worsen smallholders’ livelihoods, demanding synergy and multi-level climate adaptation strategies. While non-state actors (NSAs) increasingly support local adaptation, limited understanding exists of how gender shapes farmers’ perceptions and engagement with these actors, especially in Uganda’s highland farming communities. By applying the actor-network theory, we explored the gendered adaptation among smallholder farmers. We used a cross-sectional survey of 147 household interviews, two focus group discussions, and seven key informant interviews to collect data. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and one-sample t-tests; qualitative data via content analysis. Men and women engage differently in adaptation: men focus more on tree planting and livestock, while women lead in crop production and marketing. Women also prefer resilient, indigenous crop varieties that are easier to manage and pest-resistant. Compared to men, women rely more on savings groups and informal networks to build social and financial capital. NSAs strengthen local adaptation through advisory services, soft loans, grants, agricultural diversification, and conservation practices. Actor-Network Theory offers a valuable lens for understanding gendered climate adaptation by highlighting the synergies between actors within structured networks. Aligning interventions with gender-specific strengths is essential for fostering inclusive, climate-resilient livelihoods and advancing global climate goals.Item Towards Improved Geometry Instruction: Learners’ Experiences with Technology-Enhanced and Conventional Van Hiele Phased Instruction(International Consortium for Research in Science & Mathematics Education (ICRSME), 2025-07-02) Issa Ndungo; Sudi Balimuttajjo; Edwin AkugizibweThis study investigated learners' experiences and understanding of transformation geometry using two instructional strategies: Conventional Van Hiele Phased Instruction (CVHPI) and Technology-Enhanced Van Hiele Phased Instruction (TVHPI), incorporating GeoGebra as a digital tool. Through semi-structured interviews, qualitative data were collected from 48 Senior Three secondary school learners who participated. Thematic analysis revealed that TVHPI, supported by GeoGebra, enhanced visual learning and dynamic interaction with geometric concepts, though learners faced technical challenges and limited practice time. CVHPI, while providing structured and step-by-step instruction, particularly benefited lower achievers but was less effective in addressing complex misunderstandings. As a result of this study, a Geometry Pedagogical Improvement Cycle (GeoPIC) framework was developed to improve the teaching and learning of geometry through a continuous and systematic process. The GeoPIC framework emphasizes adopting instructional strategies, tailoring them to individual needs, aligning with learner expectations, and incorporating feedback through a cyclical reflection and adjustment process. This study highlights the potential of combining technology-enhanced tools with conventional instruction and presents GeoPIC as a model for refining pedagogical approaches in geometry education.Item An overview of gold systems in Uganda(Informa UK Limited, 2014-01-02) C. Nyakecho; S. G. HagemannDetailed analyses of historic and recent information on active and abandoned gold mines and alluvial workings in combination with new regional geochronology, documentation and interpretation of the lithostratigraphy, structural setting, hydrothermal alteration and mineralisation, and geochemistry of mineralised rocks have formed the basis for the definition of four major gold districts in Uganda: (1) the Busia gold district hosted in the Neoarchean Busia-Kakamega granite–greenstone belt in the SE of Uganda, which contains the structurally controlled mesozonal Tira gold mine; (2) the Mubende gold district in the Paleoproterozoic Rwenzori fold belt in central Uganda, which hosts the structurally controlled metasediment-hosted mesozonal Kamalenge and Kisita gold mines; (3) the Buhweju-Mashonga gold district in SW Uganda, which contains the vein hosted Pb–Zn–Au Kitaka mine, the structurally controlled intrusion-hosted mesozonal Mashonga gold mine and the structurally controlled sandstone-hosted mesozonal Muti and Kanywambogo mines; and (4) the Karamoja gold district, which is hosted in reworked Archean basement rocks and/or in the upper amphibolite–lower granulite facies rocks of the Neoproterozoic Mozambique fold belt in NE and W Uganda and in the northern part of the Karamoja gold district containing numerous hypozonal shear zone-controlled gold workings. Other areas in Uganda where alluvial gold mineralisation and/or shallow gold workings are reported comprise the Kitgum area within the Aswa shear zone in northern Uganda, the Western Nile area, which represents the western extremity of the Bomu-Kibalian shield of NE Congo, and the Kabale-Kisoro area hosted in the Mesoproterozoic North Kibaran fold belt in SW Uganda. The results of this work are an early attempt to portray the gold metallogeny of Uganda. Future studies, including geological mapping at all scales, geochronology, whole-rock geochemistry and chemical and mineralogical studies of mineralised samples, will help clarify the distribution and origin of diverse gold systems in this poorly understood part of Africa.Item Experiences of drought, heavy rains, and flooding and linkages with refugee youth sexual and reproductive health in a humanitarian setting in Uganda: qualitative insights(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025-05-05) Logie, C. H.;; Loutet, M.;; MacKenzie, F. ;; Okumu, M.;; Leggett, R.;; Akinwande, F. S.;; Odong Lukone, S.;; Kisubi, N.;; Kyambadde, P.;; Otika, L.;; Lukwago, M.;; Narasimhan, M.Climate-related extreme weather events (EWE) exacerbate resource insecurities that, in turn, shape sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Refugee settlements face increased EWE exposure yet are understudied in EWE research. We explored experiences of climate change and SRH among refugee youth aged 16-24 in Bidi Bidi Refugee Settlement, Uganda. This qualitative study involved walk-along individual youth interviews and key informant (KI) service provider interviews. We conducted thematic analysis informed by the resource scarcity framework, which explores socioeconomic and ecological risks for resource insecurity. Participants ( = 44) included youth ( = 32; mean age: 20.0, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4; 50% men, 50% women) and KI ( = 12; mean age: 37.0, SD: 5.8; 75% men, 25% women). Findings illustrate how EWE shape SRH outcomes for refugee young women: (1) climate change contributes to water scarcity, extreme heat, and changing rain patterns; (2) drought contributes to resource scarcities (e.g. food, water) that increase sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) risks, transactional sex, and menstruation insecurity and (3) heavy rains/flooding contribute to resource scarcities that increase SGBV risks, and sanitation insecurity exacerbates menstruation insecurity. Findings highlight how EWE-related resource insecurities are associated with poor SRH (STI/HIV acquisition risks, unplanned pregnancy, SGBV) and should be addressed in multi-level climate-informed humanitarian programmes.Item Resilience and recovery from an environmental disaster: the journey of child survivors of the Kiteezi landfill in Uganda(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025-02-10) Mahadih Kyambade;; Luke Sewante;; Afulah Namatovu.This study explored the resilience and recovery of child survivors following the 2024 Kiteezi landfill disaster in Uganda, where recurrent landslides displaced families and left lasting emotional, psychological, and social impacts on young survivors. Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological approach, we conducted in-depth interviews with child survivors and their guardians, focusing on their experiences of displacement, trauma, and adaptation in the wake of the disaster. Twenty participants were identified through convenience and snowball sampling, facilitated by local leaders who played a key role in engaging the community and establishing a supportive framework for this research. The findings revealed the depth of trauma experienced by child survivors, marked by vivid memories, sadness, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress. However, a recurring theme of resilience has emerged, with many children finding solace through family support, faith, and community connections. This study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive community-based support systems and trauma-informed care in fostering resilience and aid recovery in young disaster survivors. These insights contribute to broader discussions on children’s mental health, resilience, and the effectiveness of family and community structures in post-disaster recovery, underscoring the need for comprehensive mental health resources to support child survivors in the long term.Item Magnetotellurics Data Application in Medium Enthalpy Geothermal Prospects(Geophysical Data Bases, Processing and Instrumentation, 2020-06-26) MUTEBI, Denis; HARYANTO, Agus Didit; WIWID, Joni; KAZINDA, MichaelThe research is aimed at delineating the reservoir and defining the geothermal system of Lili-Sepporaki through the interpretation of magnetotellurics data. Lili-Sepporaki is an andesitic-trachytic volcanic rich geothermal prospect located in western Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. In essence, hydrothermal conditions affect the properties of rocks, such as resistivity, and this can be studied using magnetotellurics, a passive electromagnetic technique. Magnetotellurics data were processed and interpreted using Phoenix and WinGLink software programs. A total of five two-dimensional resistivity models and five elevation maps were produced, and these showed a general decrease in rocks’ resistivity with depth. The analysis found out that the reservoir stretches from the center, northwards. The reservoir substantially starts to be seen at a depth of 600 m below sea level and deepens towards the east and northwest. Another magnetotelluric survey should be carried out with more stations, mainly aimed at a three-dimensional inversion, to get a detailed geothermal model and also to study the dense, low resistive structure in the southeast.Item Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Host Status and Relative Infestation of Selected Mango Cultivars in Three Agro Ecological Zones in Uganda(Informa UK Limited, 2015-10-09) Isabirye, B. E.; Akol, A. M.; Muyinza, H.; Masembe, C.; Rwomushana, I.; C. K. NankingaDespite their economic importance, there is paucity of knowledge on fruit fly host status in Uganda. Therefore, this study set out to profile the host range of the main fruit fly pests and determine the susceptibility of selected fruits and mango cultivars across three main mango agro ecological zones, which included: Western Medium High Altitude Farmlands (WMHF), Lake Victoria Crescent (LVC), and the Northern Moist Farmlands (NMF) in Uganda. A wide range of fruits was sampled across the three zones. These were incubated at the National Agricultural Research Laboratories following standard protocols. Emerging fruit fly species were identified using standard keys and counted. Among the sampled fruits, 633 (35.0%) individual fruits from 15 plant families were positive for fruit fly infestation. Bactrocera invadens dominated (76.3%) of the positive samples, while infestation by native species, such as Ceratitis capitata and Ceratitis cosyra, was negligible. Annonaceae, Solanaceae, Rutaceae, and Anacardiaceae plant families recorded significantly more host species, while the number of pest fruit flies (species richness) per plant species followed a similar trend: Solanaceae > Rutaceae > Anacardiaceae. There was significant (P < 0.0001) variability in infestation among mango fruit cultivars, both within and across zones. When all zones were pooled together, Tommy Atkins and Kent, and Keitt, Kate, and Biire were the least and most infested, respectively. In conclusion, fruit flies have a diverse range of commercial and non-commercial hosts in Uganda. Strategies for fruit fly pest eradication in the country should ensure elimination or management of alternative fruit hosts and integration of tolerant mango cultivars in fruit development programs.Item Challenges to CDM Implementation in Uganda: A Critical Analysis of Legal and Policy Barriers(Informa UK Limited, 2008-08-13) Namanya, BernardThis paper examines the legal and policy barriers to the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) implementation in Uganda. Although CDM has been perceived as an opportunity through which developing countries can achieve sustainable development while at the same time helping to mitigate climate change, it remains unclear as to whether CDM will in fact deliver the much anticipated sustainable development benefits in light of the current global trends in CDM investments. By February 2007, only approximately 1.5% of the total registered projects were in Africa and one project was in Uganda. The main study methodology has been library research.Item Energy research in East Africa: A bibliometric analysis(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025-03-15) Rady, Mohammed;; Alasow, Ahmed Abdiaziz;; Hersi, Abdifatah AhmedEast Africa faces significant energy challenges due to the growing demand for sustainable power sources. Although the past decades have revealed an increase in global energy research, a comprehensive analysis of energy research is lacking in East Africa. To this end, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of energy research in East Africa over the past 25 years using the Scopus database, examining 905 publications from 412 journals. The results revealed a significant increase in energy research, with an annual growth rate of 10.07% in publications. The top contributing institution is Addis Ababa University (Ethiopia), accounting for 41 studies, followed by Makerere University (Uganda) and the University of Rwanda with 29 and 26 publications, respectively. The keyword analysis revealed a strong regional emphasis on East African countries, particularly Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania, with a significant focus on energy policy, economic analysis, and technological aspects including solar and wind power. International collaboration patterns showed the UK, USA, and Ethiopia as leading contributors, with dense research networks connecting East African institutions to partners in Europe, Asia, and North America. The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and World Bank Group were the top funding sources, demonstrating significant international investment in the region’s energy research. While Ethiopia and Kenya contributed the most to energy research, Somalia and South Sudan had a lower role in energy research in the region. The findings highlight the need for more balanced energy research efforts across the region by identifying regions that require further attention.Item Drivers of Deforestation in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda(Informa UK Limited, 2015-01-21) Waiswa, Daniel; Stern, Marc J.; Prisley, Stephen P.We examined key drivers of deforestation in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda from 1989 to 2009 through a case study approach with a multiple-case design. Nineteen focus groups with local community members and forest officials, archival analysis, and field observation revealed both proximate causes and underlying drivers of deforestation. Proximate causes of deforestation included agricultural expansion into forests, unsustainable extraction of wood forest products, and clearing of forests for nonagricultural uses. Underlying drivers of these proximate causes included policy and institutional factors, economic factors, population growth, technological changes, and changes in culture—each resulting in alienation of local people from forest resources. Alienation of local people, defined as a psychological dispossession of responsibility for forest resources, is posited as the most important underlying driver of deforestation. We discuss the importance of the involvement of local people in the management and maintenance of forests in the Lake Victoria Crescent.Item Dimensions and drivers of social vulnerability to flood risk in Manafwa catchment, Eastern Uganda(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025-04-23) Erima, Godwin;; Bamutaze, Yazidhi;; Gidudu, Anthony ;; Egeru, Anthony;; Kabenge, IsaOver the past decade, Uganda has experienced a notable increase in extreme meteorological hazards, yet the country lacks a comprehensive disaster management strategy. Despite the critical role it plays in disaster risk reduction, there is a shortage of approaches that contribute to our understanding of social vulnerability within dynamic contextual conditions. This study therefore offers a comprehensive assessment of both flood exposure and social vulnerability among rural households in the Manafwa catchment area of Eastern Uganda. A cross-sectional household study was conducted in March 2019 and September 2021 using a semi-structured questionnaire, key informants’ interviews and focus group discussions. Through multistage sampling technique and utilizing Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 210 households was obtained. An index was constructed employing principal component analysis based on the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI®), originally developed for the United States of America. Eight factors, explaining 80% variance, were identified. The primary components impacting social vulnerability levels are Information and Knowledge, and Demographic and Family Characteristics. Values on the index range from >3 (High) to −1.0 – +1.0 (Low). Most households (88.8%) exhibited moderate to high levels of social vulnerability. Understanding the dominant indicators and areas where high social vulnerability and high exposure converge can support municipalities in designing just and equitable interventions toward flood risk reduction by serving as an input to policymaking, investment strategies and civil protection. Future research could delve deeper into exploring how various locations and complex social variables interact to create varying levels of vulnerability to floods in developing countries.