Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers regarding snakebite envenomation: a cross-sectional study among Sub-saharan african countries

Abstract

Although healthcare providers across sub-Saharan Africa generally have good knowledge and favorable attitudes towards snakebite management, their actual practices remain persistently inadequate, irrespective of their country’s income level.Systemic barriers - limited formal training, absent institutional protocols, unreliable antivenom supply, and weak referral systems- are highly associated with inadequate clinical practice.Urgent standardization of training protocols and reliable antivenom supply are needed to improve snakebite outcomes across the SSA region