Social Sciences

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A “religious revolution”? Print media, sexuality, and religious discourse in Uganda
(Informa UK Limited, 2014-12-15) Bompani, Barbara; Brown, S. Terreni
Recently, Uganda has made international headlines for the controversial Anti-homosexuality Bill and for a set of tight measures that have limited the freedom of sexual minorities. This article argues that Uganda's growth of Pentecostal-charismatic churches (PCCs) is playing a major role in influencing and defining the Ugandan public sphere, including (but not limited to) the ways in which sex and sexuality are conceptualized by and within Uganda's print media. This article suggests that the socially conservative nature of PCCs is highly influential in shaping the way print media write about sex and sexuality. This is because Pentecostal-charismatic (PC) constituencies constitute a considerable numerical market that print media cannot ignore. Second, PCs actively work toward influencing and shaping public policies, politics, and public spaces, like newspapers, that discuss and address public morality and decency in the country. As this article will show, within a highly “Pentecostalized” public sphere, alternative public discourses on sexuality are not allowed.
A Causal Model to Compare the Extent of Undergraduates’- Postgraduates’ Impact on Unemployment in Uganda
(International Journal of Higher Education, 2019) Kakooza, Victoria; Wamala, Robert; Wokadala, James; Bwire, Thomas
The combination of technological unemployment and oversupply of graduates has increased competition in the labour markets. Postgraduates have been noted to hold more than one job and in some cases apply for jobs meant for undergraduates. Could this imply that post graduates have created more overall unemployment than undergraduates have, in the Ugandan labour market? This is the novel of this study. This was accomplished by a statistical model that comparatively analysed the bi-causal effect of postgraduates on unemployment; versus effect of undergraduates on unemployment. As such, the study utilised Uganda’s secondary data from 1991 to 2017, and employed the Vector Error Correction (VECM) model. The results of the study showed the existence of a long run impact of both the postgraduates and undergraduates on overall unemployment, but an insignificant impact in the short run. The postgraduates had a greater impact on unemployment in the long run, than the undergraduates. The study therefore reveals an affirmative answer to the aforementioned question.
A comparative assessment of selected approaches in modeling completion dynamics of graduate programs
(African Statistical Journal Journal statistique africain, 2012) Wamala, Robert; Oonyu, Joseph C.; Ocaya, Bruno
As the higher education landscape changes, factors related to student persistence in graduate programs are being examined by a growing number of researchers. Their investigations, however, can be problematic when: i) a considerable number of students have not completed the program at the time of data collection; ii) enrolment and completion figures are low; iii) a normal distribution of completion time is assumed; and iv) a detailed assessment of non-completion is required. A time-to-event approach in a Cox model, which uses enrolment time as censored for students who have not completed by the time of the study and makes no assumption about the distribution of completion time, solves the first three problems. A multinomial logistic, allowing for at least three outcomes of doctoral candidature, solves the fourth problem. This is illustrated by an analysis of administrative data for the 295 PhD students at Makerere University in the 2000 to 2005 enrolment cohorts. The total elapsed time from first enrolment to submission of final thesis copy was adopted as a measure of completion time. The findings underscore the suitability of these approaches for the analysis of education data with low enrolment and completion figures, a situation characteristic of doctoral studies in many African universities.
A comparative study of Makerere University Graduates of the Faculties of Arts and Sciences
(AAU Research Paper Series, 2001) Mayanja, M.K.; Adebua, A.; Kabuye, M.K.; Kaase-Bwanga, E.; Nakayima-Mayega, F.
The economic crisis that hit Uganda in the 1970s and 1980s precipitated a shock to Makerere University. The crisis hit the university in several ways: crippling under-funding, low staff pay and lack of morale, centralised management of scarce funds, deteriorating buildings and other physical facilities, shortage of equipment, chemicals and text books, cut-throat competition for the few inelastic university places and pressure for expansion despite shrinking financial resources.
A comparative study on the role of microcredit on agricultural production improvement among resource-poor rural women
(Frontiers, 2023-03) Namayengo, Muyonga Mayanja Faith; van Ophem, Johan A. C.; Antonides, Gerrit
The objective of the study was to compare agricultural investment and agricultural production of rural agrarian women in Uganda that had received microcredit to those that had not. A quasi-experimental was used to assess differences between performance indicators of agricultural enterprises for existing and incoming borrowers of Bangladesh Rural and Advancement Committee (BRAC) microfinance. Propensity score matching was used to ensure the comparability of the groups and to assess differences between existing borrowers and incoming borrowers, before they received their first loan. Results indicated that the major reason for borrowing was education of children. There was no difference in investment in agricultural production between the study groups. The existing borrowers had lower monetary value of all harvested crops and for maize and beans than the in-coming borrowers. Total number of animals owned, types of animals kept and reported monetary value for goats and local cattle were also less for existing borrowers than for in-coming borrowers. It was observed that the loan repayment protocols did not match income from agriculture. The results reveal a need to modify loan repayment protocols to address the latent period between agricultural investment and output. KEYWORDS Microcredit, agricultural production, resource-poor, rural women, propensity score match
A comparison of the behavioral and emotional disorders of primary school-going orphans and non-orphans in Uganda
(African health sciences, 2007) Musisi, Seggane; Kinyanda, Eugene; Nakasujja, Noeline; Nakigudde, Janet
This study investigated the emotional and behavioral problems of orphans in Rakai District, Uganda, and to suggest interventions. Studies, elsewhere, have shown orphans to have high levels of psychological problems. However, in Uganda such studies are limited and no specific interventions have been suggested. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional unmatched case control design to compare emotional and behavioral problems of 210 randomly selected primary school-going orphans and 210 non-orphans using quantitative and qualitative methods employing standardized questionnaires, Focus Group discussions and selected Key Informant interviews. All children were administered Rutter’s Children’s Teacher Administered Behavior Questionnaire to measure psychological distress and a modified version of Cooper’s Self-Report Measure for Social Adjustment. Standardized psychiatric assessments were done on children scoring > 9 on the Rutter’s Scale, using the WHO-ICD-10 diagnostic checklists. Results: Both orphans and non-orphans had high levels of psychological distress as measured using Rutter’s questionnaire but with no significant statistical difference between the two groups (Rutter score > 9; 45.1% & 36.5% respectively; p= 0.10) and no major psychiatric disorders such as psychotic, major affective or organic mental syndromes. Psychological distress was associated with poor academic performance (p=0.00) in both groups. More orphans, than non-orphans had more common emotional and behavioral problems e.g. more orphans reported finding “life unfair and difficult” (p=0.03); 8.3% orphans compared to 5.1 % of the non-orphans reported having had past suicidal wishes (p=0.30) and more reported past “forced sex / abuse” (p=0.05). Lastly, the orphans’ social functioning in the family rated significantly worse compared to the non-orphans (p= 0.05). Qualitatively, orphans, compared to nonorphans were described as “ needy, sensitive, isolative with low confidence and self-esteem and who often lacked love, protection, identity, security, play, food and shelter.” Most lived in big poor families with few resources, faced stigma and were frequently relocated. Community resources were inadequate. Conclusion: In conclusion, more orphans compared to non-orphans exhibited common emotional and behavioral problems but no major psychiatric disorders. Orphans were more likely to be emotionally needy, insecure, poor, exploited, abused, or neglected. Most lived in poverty with elderly widowed female caretakers. They showed high resilience in coping. To comprehensively address these problems, we recommend setting up a National Policy and Support Services for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children and their families, a National Child Protection Agency for all Children, Child Guidance Counselors in those schools with many orphans and lastly social skills training for all children.
A Concept of Dynamic Pricing for Rural Hybrid Electric Power Mini-Grid Systems for Sub-Saharan Africa
(IEEE., 2012) Kimera, R.; Okou, R.; Sebitosi, A. B.; Awodele, K.O.
This paper presents a dynamic pricing concept that can be applied to hybrid electric power mini-grid systems to enable affordability of energy in these systems setup for the supply of energy to rural consumers. A location was identified in Eastern Uganda, resource assessment done, and a proposed hybrid electric power mini-grid system designed to supply electricity to this rural location. A theoretical deterministic demand profile was generated, and with it different supply configurations of the system were simulated to meet the daily load. The fluctuations in the demand and supply triggered a change in the cost of generating energy, due to the variations in the contributing electricity generating sources. Through communication, an intelligently designed and operated time-varying pricing scheme can be an effective tool for influencing the actions of price-responsive end-users such as rural consumers. A software program was used to simulate the hourly demand, supply, and corresponding cost of energy variations. This pricing model could potentially contribute to the ongoing search for the provision of affordable rural energy services.
A Conceptual Model for Explaining Supply Chain Performance in Uganda’s SMEs
(Information Management and Business Review, 2011) Tukamuhabwa, Benjamin R.
This study proposes a conceptual framework, which will be used to conduct an empirical study of supply chain performance in SMEs in Uganda. This conceptual framework was developed from the review of the previous literature. The need for this study arises from the fact that where as SMEs form the back borne of Uganda’s economy, they have encountered poor supply chain performance. Previous researchers also indicate that studies in SMEs and their supply chains are limited and that more research is needed regarding the link between marketing and supply chain management. The proposed conceptual framework presupposes a positive relationship between market orientation and supply chain performance with organizational learning, supply chain management strategy, trust and commitment playing mediating roles. It is hoped that this proposed integrative conceptual model will also be used in other future empirical studies.
A Cross-Country Study of Cigarette Affordability and Single-Stick Purchases Using Survey Data From African Countries
(MEDLINE - Academic, 2024-05) Filby, Samantha
Abstract INTRODUCTIONReducing cigarette affordability is paramount for reducing cigarette consumption. Measuring affordability requires data on cigarette prices. Unlike the commonly used retail price of a 20-pack of the most-sold cigarette domestically, survey-derived cigarette prices reflect differences arising from the brand variety and the types of packaging in which cigarettes are purchased.AIMS AND METHODSThis paper uses self-reported cigarette price data from the eight African countries that have implemented the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) to construct country-level Relative Income Prices. The relationship between cigarette affordability, cigarette smoking prevalence, and cigarette smoking intensity, is examined using logit models for smoking participation (N = 51 122) and generalized linear models for conditional cigarette demand (N = 2443). GATS data are also used to produce nationally representative estimates of the prevalence of single-stick cigarette purchases in the sampled countries.RESULTSThe estimated affordability elasticity of cigarette smoking participation is -0.245 (95% CI = -0.411 to -0.078). The estimated affordability elasticity of smoking intensity is -0.155 (95% CI = -0.286 to -0.023). Single-stick cigarette sales dominate all-markets. The proportion of smokers who reported buying cigarettes in the form of single sticks during their most recent cigarette purchase exceeds 90% in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.CONCLUSIONSThe results point to the need for governments in the countries sampled to increase excise taxes in a manner that renders cigarettes less affordable over time, and to enact and enforce legislation that prohibits the sale of single cigarettes. These findings highlight that measures to reduce both the demand and supply of cigarettes will be required to reduce their use in the region.IMPLICATIONSThis study is the first to examine the prevalence of single-stick cigarette purchases, and the association between cigarette affordability and smoking outcomes, in the African setting, using data from the GATS. Findings provide local evidence for the countries sampled, which represent over half of sub-Saharan Africa's adult population (aged 15 and older), on the importance of implementing excise tax increases that reduce cigarette affordability over time. They also highlight the need to enact and enforce legislation that prohibits the sale of single cigarettes.
A Cultural-Pragmatic Investigation of Tattoos among the Youth in Kampala-Uganda
(Agathos, 2019) Akinkurolere, Susan Olajoke; Masereka, David
It is increasingly becoming a common practice to get people with tattoos, especially the youth, in Uganda today. In the past, tattoos were reserved for special subgroups like seamen (sailors), and motorcycle riders (bikers). However, it is now prevalent in other segments of the population, especially the young people. To many, tattoos are still strange and mysterious. It is, therefore, imperative to investigate perceptions of such an act in order to bring to fore meanings that either justify or invalidate the trend. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods in the analysis. It was discovered that tattooing is premised on deep-root cultural meaning and beliefs. This study, therefore, concluded that ancient tattooing was intricately woven around the cultural perception of tattoos among the young people and their underlying reasons for the practice, which is generally accepted, whereas, modern tattooing is a practice that majority of the youth do not seem to embrace, considering it foreign, merely imported and obscene, relating it mostly to negative behaviours or vices in the society.
A Fictional Depiction of the Peculiarities of the African Female Gender Experiences in the Diaspora
(East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 2024) Ndamira, Joan Kyarimpa; Kyarimpa, Jovuret
The issue of Africans in the Diaspora stretches historically to the time when Africa began having contact with the outside world, particularly the Arabs, Chinese, Turks, and others. Beginning with the 16th to the 18th C, the contacts heightened during the Trans- Atlantic Slave Trade. Thereafter, Africans have found themselves in the Diaspora for many reasons. This has elicited a myriad of reactions to their experiences in the Diaspora. Therefore, the study sought to investigate the fictional depiction of African immigrant experiences in the Diaspora. It was guided by two objectives namely: to establish the fictional depiction of the peculiarities of the African female experiences in the Diaspora, and to investigate the narrative styles adopted to convey these experiences. The focus was on four novels: Americanah (2013), Minaret (2005), We Need New Names (2013), and The Seasons of Thomas Tebo (1986). The study was library-based research. Its significance is in the fact that it gives a snapshot of the two sides of migration- positive and negative. The results revealed that the African female gender faces indescribable discrimination, undergoes the pain of assimilation into the foreign culture, has to work two jobs in order to sustain life in the Diaspora, is always haunted by the fear of aging and having nothing to show for it, plus several other challenges. The diasporic spaces also catalyse character changes in these migrants. As a result, they adopt confusing mannerisms, fail to wish away homesickness, become two-faced hypocrites, are subdued, submissive and in extreme cases – go through a mental breakdown. It was discovered that migrant fiction is narrated through humour, flashback, irony, detailed description, suspense and other stylistic techniques. The study concluded that migration is now a contemporary and central theme in much of African fiction, especially by a new generation of African writers
A Fit-For-Purpose Approach to Land Administration in Africa
(International Journal of Technoscience and Development, 2019) Musinguzi, Moses; Enemark, Stig
Land is the most important resource for many developing countries in Africa to achieve the sustainable development goals. Yet many African countries are faced with various problems often causing land conflicts, reducing investments and economic development, and preventing countries reaching their true potential. Africa and other developing countries will not efficiently utilize their land resources as a means to overcome these challenges, unless they drop the approaches to security of tenure, many of which, were introduced during colonial times, but have not helped in securing land tenure rights for a significant proportion of their populations, in a non-discriminatory manner, that leaves no body behind. In this paper, we describe the key principles for building flexible, universal and sustainable Fit for Purpose (FFP) land administration (LA) systems in African countries, as a better alternative to conventional approaches that focus on unrealistic accuracy standards and complex legal procedures. The discussion informed by a review of literature on Fit for Purpose Land Administration, the sustainable development goals, and the authors experience on land administration systems in Africa and globally. Furthermore, two experiences from Rwanda and Uganda are introduced to demonstrate that building FFP land administration systems is a viable solution to solving the global security of tenure divide.We conclude that implementation of Fit for Purpose Land Administration approach requires political support at national and local level, to facilitate the change process, and in embedding FFP LA provisions into national and local laws. Likewise, effective capacity building is fundamental to the success of such programs. Professionals and the general society must understand that these simpler, less expensive and participatory methods are just as effective and secure as conventional land surveying methodologies and judicial recordation procedures. Finally, involvement of development partners such as Global Land Tool Network (GLTN), The World Bank, United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management (UNGGIM), The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN- HABITAT) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN FAO) is key in ensuring that the land administration projects technically and financially supported are designed around FFP concepts.
A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of Regional Balance in the Financing of Higher Education in Uganda: The Uganda Students’ Higher Education Financing Policy Perspective
(East African Journal of Education Studies, 2022) Kibuuka, Enock
In Uganda, there have been historically glaring disparities in access to higher education, where the majority of the students that join universities come from good secondary schools, which are mostly afforded by rich individuals. This has created a situation of ‘inherited merit’, where students from particular backgrounds and regions dominate access to HE. Because children of the poor who cannot afford to go to good schools hardly access higher education, whilst many of the students who join higher education institutions (HEIs) fail to complete their study programmes due to the failure to meet the costs involved. The Ministry of Education and Sports 2012 introduced the Uganda Students’ Higher Education Financing Policy to address the problem of inequitable access to higher education. Thus, the third objective of the policy aims to ensure ‘regional balance’ in the provision of HE through awarding of student loans. Because there are strong intra-connections between policy and language, the language used in discourse plays a critical role in the way the term Regional balance was constructed in the policy. This paper performs a Foucauldian discourse analysis perspective of the policy with the overall aim of showing signs of power imbalance through the use of language and revealing the discourses used by elite actors to retain power and sustain existing regional imbalance in access to HE in Uganda. By approaching such regional balance as political discourse rather than a pure act of equity and social justice, the paper shows how power is implicated within the guise of regional balance. As such the paper contributes to a discursive understanding of regional balance in the provision of HE in Uganda, to an appreciation of the role of power relations embedded in policy rhetoric as a form of exemplary theatrical government, and to the politics of regional balance. The findings revealed that the term ‘regional balance’ is used as a sugar-coated camouflage to sustain and perpetuate the hegemony of the Western part of the country. The paper concludes by exposing the power relations embedded within the policy and highlights gaps between the rhetoric and practice of the policy in which people from the Western part of Uganda have benefited more from this financing policy at the expense of other students from other regions of the country
A Historical and Philosophical Perspective of Social Support Systems
(East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 2025) Duuki, Richard; Edaku, Charles; Ongodia, Simon Peter
This manuscript offers a comprehensive analysis of the philosophical and historical dimensions of social support systems, aiming to establish a foundational body of knowledge to guide future research in this domain. By examining various philosophical traditions, the study delves into the evolution of social support concepts, encompassing Greek social philosophy, Roman social philosophy, early Christian thought, and the philosophy of Ubuntu. The manuscript elucidates how these diverse perspectives have shaped contemporary understandings of social support, highlighting both the continuities and transformations over time. Through this historical and philosophical exploration, the paper seeks to provide a robust framework for analyzing and enhancing modern social support systems, ultimately contributing to more informed and effective support structures in contemporary society
A Linguistic Analysis of Rukiga Personal Names
(Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa, 2022-08-25) Asiimwe, Allen
The goal of the paper is to provide a linguistic description of the structure of personal names in a lesser studied Bantu language of Uganda, Rukiga (JE14). Data show that Rukiga personal names are presented as lexical entities but with underlying elaborate grammatical structures derived from the syntax, morphology, phonology and the lexicon of the language. Personal names in Rukiga form a special category of nouns derived from nouns, adjectives, verbs, phrases, clauses and full sentences. This study establishes that truncation, affixal derivation, lexicalization of phrases, clauses and sentences are employed in name-formation. The study further reveals that the socio-cultural context influences the semantics and structure of names in Rukiga. Data for this study were collected in Kabale district in western Uganda through interviewing older persons, reviewing religious documents and tax collection registers. The study mirrors personal names as a part of the grammar of Rukiga reflecting the general complex linguistic system of the language. Data from this study is envisaged to contribute to typological and theoretical analyses of personal names which have internal morphosyntactic properties.
A literature review of climate-smart landscapes as a tool in soil-water management in Sub-Saharan Africa
(Asian Research Association, 2023) Turyasingura, Benson; Tumwesigye, Wycliffe; Atuhaire, Abraham; Tumushabe, Jennifer Turyatemba; Akatwijuka, Rogers
Worldwide, information is needed about the social landscape management as there is no known studies that have documented how climate-smart landscape approaches improve soil and water status. In Sub-Saharan Africa, effective social landscape governance necessitates a certain amount of social capital, including trust and agreed-upon standards. Climate-smart landscapes are key to successful soil and water management but little effort have been made to critically improve effective soil and water resources. The study was guided by the specific objectives, which include examining equitable climate-smart landscapes and finding out the major challenges facing the implementation of climate-smart landscapes. Using "landscape governance" AND "climate smart landscape," 31 papers (31) were obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) and twenty-nine (27) from the Scopus databases using search engines from (1992-2022). On equitable climate-smart landscapes, it was found that multi-stakeholder participation in landscape management is an iterative and changing process that can assist in addressing and resolving disputes as well as facilitating fair negotiation procedures for underrepresented and minority groups. Proper planning and the implementation of a comprehensive planning framework that links various planning activities and decision-making processes are required for landscape approaches to be successful. The major challenges included policies and institutions, financial difficulties in the conservation of natural resources, and socio-economic issues. The novelty from this study is to inform policy makers on climate-smart landscape approaches to ease soil and water management.
A model for effective board governance in Uganda’s services sector firms
(Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 2013) Nkundabanyanga, Stephen K.; Ahiauzu, Augustine; Sejjaaka, Samuel K.; Ntayi, Joseph M.
The present study was carried out with the purpose of establishing a model of effective board governance in Uganda’s service sector firms. Design/methodology/approach – This study is cross-sectional. The analysis was conducted using Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software on a sample of 128 service firms in Uganda. The perceived effective board governance in Uganda was measured by the perceptions of 128 respondents who are managers or directors in each of those service firms. Three confirmatory factor analysis models were tested and fitted. Findings – The three-dimensional model of effective board governance in Uganda – consisting of control and meetings’ organization, board activity and effective communication – was determined to be the best fitting model. Evidence in support of relevant theories of board governance was adduced. Research limitations/implications – Although plenty of literature on corporate governance exists, there is scarce literature on effective board governance conceptualization and this together with imprecise terminology regarding this area may have affected the authors’ conceptualization of the study. The authors’ study was limited to the service sector firms registered and operating in Kampala, Uganda and it is possible that their results are only applicable to this sector in Uganda. Nevertheless, policy makers of Uganda dealing with financial markets, academicians, company directors, company owners and even general readers interested in the area of effective board governance might find this paper handy. Practical implications – The authors believe that application of their model should improve the quality of board governance in Uganda and can also apply to other sectors of Uganda’s firms to help avert the problem of ineffective boards as evidenced by consistent firm failures in Uganda. By improving the quality of board governance, Ugandan boards will demonstrate their relevance in company direction and improvement of company value to the benefit of all stakeholders. Originality/value – The present study provides one of the few studies that have analysed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS to test effective board governance measurement model and provides a benchmark for Uganda’s service firms yearning to leverage the use of their boards.
A Model to Estimate a Composite Indicator of Economic Activity (CIEA) for Uganda
(Research Department Bank of Uganda., 2011) Anguyo, Francis Leni
In this paper a Composite Indicator of Economic Activity (CIEA) for Uganda is developed and its applicability to explain short run fluctuations of the economy is illustrated. The CIEA is a more flexible and useful tool for shortterm analysis and forecasting of economic activity than econometric models, especially for small, open and rapidly changing economies. The CIEA methodology is advantageous since composite indexes can reveal common turning point patterns in a set of economic data in a clearer and more convincing manner than the behavior of any individual component. The methodology adopted here is the famous Conference Board technique which has features similar to the Moore- Shiskin methodology. The CIEA is computed for the period January 2005 to April 2011 using monthly data of eight key variables, exports, imports, credit, VAT, PAYE, excise duty, cement production and sales for selected products. The results of the analysis reveal a general upward trend in economic activity. With reference to the recent past between January and April 2011, there was slowdown in economic activity in the months of February and April. Going forward, economic activity is expected to trend upwards for the reminder of the financial year. A snap shot comparison of the CIEA and quarterly GDP reveals a close correlation between the two series. The paper therefore recommends the adoption of the current CIEA in Uganda and proposes continuous improvement with more data.
A New Approach to Tone in Luganda
(Language, 1993) Hyman, Larry M.; Katamba, Francis X.
Since McCawley 1970, the Luganda tone system has been well known for its property of allowing at most one High]to Low pitch drop per word. To account for this property, the underlying system has been analyzed both in terms of underlying accents of various kinds (e.g. diacritic) and in terms of underlying tone (e.g. H vs. 0). Most accentual proposals, however, fail to account for the fact that THREE marks are necessary to characterize the high to low 'melody': a mark for the first H mora, a mark for the place of the H-to-L drop, and a mark for the place of the last L mora. After evaluating previous accentual and tonal analyses, we present a new approach to tone in Luganda that integrates tone and accent in the following way: (i) Accent in Luganda consists of designating certain moras as metrically strong (and hence capable of attracting tone); (ii) Tone in Luganda consists of lexical and grammatical occurrences of underlying HL contours (or 'potential pitch drops'). This new analysis, which continues to recognize the importance of the H to L pitch drop, provides additional evidence for the coexistence of tone and accent, which may interact in complex ways in the same language
A Poem in Praise of a Virtuous Wife: Implications for Development in Africa
(Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies, 2018) Rugyendo, Medard
The Bible has various teachings about hard work and industriousness as one of the virtues that leads to development of an individual, family and as a corporate society of Israel. One of its books; Proverbs, provides us with one of the most relevant and exciting texts in form of a poem praising a virtuous wife (Proverbs 31:10-31). However though praised, among the Israelites a woman was treated differently as compared to a man and was usually excluded or had her rights restricted on the basis of gender. In the African family setting, the virtues described are important for promoting social economic development. A good social-economic development has one of its roots in such strong and stable families. Thus, this chapter bases itself on the teachings of the above text. Various implications will be drawn for a modern African society based on the virtuous wife: To what extent are such virtues promoted in our society today? To what extent do we women promote sincerity, hard work, trust and industriousness in today’s society? How can the growth of our economies in Africa base on such virtues? Questionnaires, in-depth interviews, participant observation and relevant literature will be the instruments to obtain data for this chapter.

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