Browsing by Author "Stanley, Iramiot J."

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    Bacterial and Fungal Contaminants in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cultures at National Tuberculosis Referral Laboratory-Kampala
    (Microbiology Research Journal International, 2017) Vianney, Tushabe John; Esther, Katuura; Stanley, Iramiot J.
    Aim: This study was aimed at identification of fungal and bacterial contaminants in Tuberculosis cultures at the Uganda National Reference Laboratory (NTRL). Methods: The cultures were previously grown on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium in bottle slants. The method used involved conventional culture methods and biochemical characterization of the contaminants. Bacterial cultures were carried out in both aerobic and carbon dioxide incubators where required and to the respective temperatures of the organisms. Growth was observed between 24-48 hours for bacterial and up to 72 hours for yeast contaminants. Cultures on SDA were also monitored for three weeks for possible growth of filamentous fungi. Results: The identified bacteria mostly included; S. pyogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and least isolated were; S. marcescens, H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and B. subtilis Fungal contaminants were A. fumigatus and C. albicans. Conclusion: Based on this study a relatively increased level of contamination was noted. We recommend that high level of aseptic techniques be maintained in addition to the current standards in order to reduce the level of bacterial and fungal contaminants in TB cultures so as to improve the detection rate of Mycobacteria tuberculosis by culture method.
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    Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Clinical Isolates of Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Uganda
    (British Microbiology Research Journal, 2014) Stanley, Iramiot J.; Bwanga, Freddie; Itabangi, Herbert; Nakaye, Martha; Mwambi, Bashir; Bazira, Joel
    To determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Method: A total of 400 S. aureus isolates recovered from various clinical specimens at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital were included in this study. Phenotypic screening was performed using Oxacillin. Presence of mecA gene was studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The mecA positive isolates were tested for susceptibility to, Vancomycin, Imipenem, Fusidic acid, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Clindamycin and Linezolid using the Kirby Bauer technique. Results: Of the 300 isolates of S. aureus 31.3% (94) were phenotypically MRSA and 38% (114) had the mecA gene. All the MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid but were highly resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (70.2%). Of the 114 MRSA isolates 19.3% (22) were multi-drug resistant S. aureus (MDR-MRSA). The study found that there was a significant difference between genotypic and phenotypic detection methods (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA in Mbarara is high (38%) with a high resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The detection of mecA gene is a good predictor of methicillin resistance in S. aureus. There is a worrying prevalence of MDR MRSA among the clinical isolates of S. aureus in South Western Uganda.