NRU :: Browsing by Author "Odida, Michael"

Browsing by Author "Odida, Michael"

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Agreement between Diagnoses of Childhood Lymphoma assigned in Uganda and by an International Reference Laboratory
(Clinical epidemiology, 2012) Orem, Jackson; Sandin, Sven; Odida, Michael; Wabinga, Henry; Mbidde, Edward; Wabwire-Mangen, Fred; Meijer, Chris JLM; Middeldorp, Jaap M.; Weiderpass, Elisabete
Correct diagnosis is key to appropriate treatment of cancer in children. However, diagnostic challenges are common in low-income and middle-income countries. The objective of the present study was to assess the agreement between a clinical diagnosis of childhood non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) assigned in Uganda, a pathological diagnosis assigned in Uganda, and a pathological diagnosis assigned in The Netherlands. The study included children with suspected NHL referred to the Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda, between 2004 and 2008. A clinical diagnosis was assigned at the Mulago National Referral Hospital, where tissue samples were also obtained. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were used for histological diagnosis in Uganda, and were re-examined in a pathology laboratory in The Netherlands, where additional pathological, virological and serological testing was also carried out. Agreement between diagnostic sites was compared using kappa statistics.
Assessment of Survival Outcomes of Histopatho-Logical Subtypes of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Ugandan Patients
(New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research, 2022) Wismayer, Richard; Kiwanuka, Julius; Wabinga, Henry; Odida, Michael
In the West, high grade mucinous adenocarcinomas are more common in younger patients and are associated with a poor prognosis. The survival outcomes of the various histopathologic subtypes of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) are unknown in Uganda. We looked at the survival rates of various histopathologic subtypes of CRC and LVI in Ugandan patients.
Burden of Placental Malaria among Pregnant Women Who Use or Do Not Use Intermittent Preventive Treatment at Mulago Hospital, Kampala
(Malaria Research and Treatment, 2016) Odongo, Charles Okot; Odida, Michael; Wabinga, Henry; Obua, Celestino; Byamugisha, Josaphat
Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP-IPTp) is widely used to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. As a monitor for continued effectiveness of this intervention amidst SP resistance, we aimed to assess malaria burden among pregnant women who use or do not use SP-IPTp. In a descriptive cohort study at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, 87 women who received two supervised doses of SP-IPTp were followed up until delivery. Controls were pregnant women presenting in early labour without history of SP-IPTp. Histopathological investigation for placental malaria (PM) was performed using the Bulmer classification criterion. Thirty-eight of the 87 women returned for delivery and 33 placentas were successfully collected and processed along with 33 placentas from SP nonusers. Overall, 12% (4/33) of the users had evidence of PM compared to 48% (16/33) of nonusers. Among nonusers, 17/33, 8/33, 2/33, and 6/33 had no placental infection, active infection, active-chronic infection, and past-chronic infection, respectively. Among users, respective proportions were 29/33, 2/33, 0/33, and 2/33. No difference in birth weights was apparent between the two groups, probably due to a higher proportion of infections occurring later in pregnancy. Histological evidence here suggests that SP continues to offer substantial benefit as IPTp.
Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Detection between Freshly Frozen Tissue and Paraffin Embedded Tissue of Invasive Cervical Cancer
(Infectious agents and cancer, 2010) Odida, Michael; Sanjose, Silvia de; Quiros, Beatriz; Alemany, Laia; Lloveras, Belen; Alejo, Maria; Weiderpass, Elisabete
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) detection results comparing paraffin embedded cervical tissue and other cervical specimens have been done with varying degrees of agreement. However, studies comparing freshly frozen specimens and paraffin embedded specimens of invasive cervical carcinomas are lacking. The aim of the study was to compare HPV detection using SPF10 broad-spectrum primers PCR followed by DEIA and genotyping by LiPA25 (version 1) between freshly frozen cervical tissue samples and paraffin embedded blocks of cervical tissue from the same patient. There were 171 pairs of paraffin embedded and freshly frozen samples analyzed from cervical carcinoma cases from Kampala, Uganda.
Determinants of Primary Pyomyositis in Northern Uganda
(British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2015) Kitara, David Lagoro; Bwangamoi, Paul Okot; Wabinga, Henry; Odida, Michael
To describe the determinants of primary pyomyositis in Northern Uganda.Study Design and Setting: A case-control and a cohort study designs were conducted in Hospitals in Northern Uganda. Primary pyomyositis patients were consecutively recruited and followed to discharge. Controls had minor trauma and were age and sex matched with cases. Patients were admitted, investigated (clinical features, imaging, hematology, clinical chemistry and histology from muscle biopsy); managed surgically and followed up to discharge. Those that did not meet the inclusion criteria for diagnosis histologically were excluded. Ethical approval was obtained from Gulu University IRB.
Dietary Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer in an Indigenous East African Population
(Perspective of Recent Advances in Medical Research, 2022) Wismayer, Richard; Kiwanuka, Julius; Wabinga, Henry; Odida, Michael
Low-income countries in East Africa have a lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) than high-income countries; however, the incidence has steadily increased in the last few decades. In East Africa, the extent to which genetic and environmental factors, particularly dietary factors, contribute to the aetiology of CRC is unclear. Therefore, the objective of our study was to determine the relationship between dietary factors and CRC in an indigenous population in East Africa. We conducted a case-control study and recruited 128 cases and 256 controls, block matched for age (±5 years) and sex. Data regarding diet were obtained from all the participants using an interview-based questionnaire. The potential dietary risk factors and protective factors evaluated included the type, frequency of meat consumed and the type and frequency of fibre foods consumed. The frequency was either 4x and above/week or 2-3x/week or 1x/week or never. Ordinal and conditional logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratios associated with the different risk and protective factors. The mean age (SD) was 53.5(16.2) years and the male:female ratio was 1:1 for all the participants. The most significant risk factors included consumption of boiled beef 2-3x/week (aOR:1.63; p<0.001) and consumption of fried chicken 2-3x/week (aOR: 2.60; p=0.027). Consumption of high fibre foods, including:- cassava for ≥4x/week (aOR: 0.40; p=0.016), millet for 1x/week (aOR: 0.49; p=0.034) and for ≥4x/week (aOR:0.32; p=0.001), spinach for ≥4x/week (aOR:0.30; p=0.003), and potatoes 2-3x/week (aOR: 0.44; p=0.041), were protective against CRC.
Factors associated with carcinoma of the oesophagus at Mulago Hospital, Uganda
(African health sciences, 2008) Ocama, Ponsiano; Kagimu, Magid M.; Odida, Michael; Wabinga, Henry; Opio, Christopher K.; Colebunders, Britt; Ierssel, Sabrina van; Colebunders, Robert
In Uganda, as in many other parts of the world cancer of the oesophagus (CAE) is on the rise. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the common subtypes. Risk factors for this cancer have been identified but not studied systematically in Uganda. Identification of these factors would enable establishment of preventive measures. Objective To determine the prevalence, histological features and associated factors for CAE among patients referred to the endoscopic unit of Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Methods: We performed a 1-year cross-sectional study in 2004 and 2005 of all patients presenting for oesophageal-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) at Mulago Hospital. Demographic characteristics, behavioural practices, endoscopy findings and histology results where biopsies were performed were collected using a study tool. Data analysis was done using STATA 8® statistical package Results: Two hundred nineteen patients were enrolled in the study, three were excluded because they could not tolerate the endoscopy procedure. Fifty five (19%) of the 287 had histologically proven CAE. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 100% of tumours of the upper third, 91% middle third, and 73% lower third of the oesophagus. Four patients had a histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. Factors that were associated with CAE included age (OR 1.63, CI 1.34-1.98, p value <0.001), smoking (OR 3.63, CI 1.82-7.23, p value <0.001) and gender (OR 2.17, CI 1.07-4.41, p value 0.032). Conclusion: Many patients referred for EGD in Uganda had esophageal cancer most of which were.squamous cell type. Smoking, male gender and older age were risk factors. Preventive measures should target stopping smoking.
Grade of Malignancy of Cervical Cancer in Regions of Uganda with Varying Malarial Endemicity
(International journal of cancer, 2002) Odida, Michael; Schmauz, Rolf; Lwanga, Stephen K.
As in a prior study on malignant lymphomas, 3 and 6 areas of Uganda showing low and high malarial endemicity, respectively, were selected for analysis and the data retrieved from the Kampala Cancer Registry, which in the 1960s and 1970s collected cases of cancer through a widely used free biopsy service from the whole country. Overall incidence rates were derived from 924 cases from the 12-year period 1964–1975. For reasons of economy, grade of tumour was determined only in cases pertaining to the 6-year period 1968–1973. Of 457 cases, 304 could be reviewed histologically. Only the group of squamous cell carcinomas (84.9%, 258 cases) was large enough for subsequent geographic analysis. High incidence rates of CC were found in areas with high malarial endemicity, whereas low incidence rates occurred where malaria was either frequent or rare. A correlate to malarial infection was the proportion of high-grade carcinomas irrespective of the overall incidence of CC. With high prevalence of malaria and high CPRs of 35–74%, the relative share of high-grade cancer amounted to 50–67%. Where malaria was rare with low CPRs of 8–11%, these values were lower and varied only from 25–39% with a similar range of 14%. Geographic agreement between malarial endemicity and the PI of high-grade cancer was high in the 9 study areas and only slightly lower than for BL, for which the association with malaria is beyond doubt. Compared to areas with little malaria, the RR for the incidence of high-grade carcinomas in areas with severe malaria was increased. The value was 2.04 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.37–3.04. Attributable to secondary immunodeficiency, lifelong exposure to malaria may result in excess frequency of high-grade malignant tumours not only in the group of malignant lymphomas but also in CC.
HPV types, HIV and invasive cervical carcinoma risk in Kampala, Uganda: a case-control study
(Infectious Agents and Cancer, 2018) Odida, Michael; Sandin, Sven; Mirembe, Florence; Kleter, Bernhard; Quint, Wim; Weiderpass, Elisabete
While the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) with cervical cancer is well established, the influence of HIV on the risk of this disease in sub-Saharan Africa remains unclear. To assess the risk of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) associated with HIV and HPV types, a hospital-based case-control study was performed between September 2004 and December 2006 in Kampala, Uganda. Incident cases of histologically-confirmed ICC (N=316) and control women (N=314), who were visitors or care-takers of ICC cases in the hospital, were recruited. Blood samples were obtained for HIV serology and CD4 count, as well as cervical samples for HPV testing. HPV DNA detection and genotyping was performed using the SPF10/DEIA/LiPA25 technique which detects all mucosal HPV types by DEIA and identifies 25 HPV genotypes by LiPA version 1. Samples that tested positive but could not be genotyped were designated HPVX. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounding factors.
Human Papillomavirus Distribution in Invasive Cervical Carcinoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Could HIV Explain the Differences?
(Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2012) Ndiaye, Cathy; Alemany, Laia; Ndiaye, Nafissatou; Kamate, Bakarou; Odida, Michael; Banjo, Kunbi; Klaustermeier, Jo Ellen; Clavero, Omar; Trottier, Helen; Sanjose, Silvia de
To describe human papillomavirus (HPV) distribution in invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) from Mali and Senegal and to compare type-specific relative contribution among sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. A multicentric study was conducted to collect paraffin-embedded blocks of ICC. Polymerase chain reaction, DNA enzyme immunoassay and line probe assay were performed for HPV detection and genotyping. Data from SSA (Mozambique, Nigeria and Uganda) and 35 other countries were compared. One hundred and sixty-four ICC cases from Mali and Senegal were tested from which 138 were positive (adjusted prevalence = 86.8%; 95% CI = 79.7–91.7%). HPV16 and HPV18 accounted for 57.2% of infections and HPV45 for 16.7%. In SSA countries, HPV16 was less frequent than in the rest of the world (49.4%vs. 62.6%; P < 0.0001) but HPV18 and HPV45 were two times more frequent (19.3%vs. 9.4%; P < 0.0001 and 10.3%vs. 5.6%; P < 0.0001, respectively). There was an ecological correlation between HIV prevalence and the increase of HPV18 and the decrease of HPV45 in ICC in SSA (P = 0.037 for both). HPV16/18/45 accounted for two-thirds of the HPV types found in invasive cervical cancer in Mali and Senegal. Our results suggest that HIV may play a role in the underlying HPV18 and HPV45 contribution to cervical cancer, but further studies are needed to confirm this correlation.
Human Papillomavirus Genotype Attribution in Invasive Cervical Cancer: a Retrospective Cross-sectional Worldwide Study
(The lancet oncology, 2010) Sanjose, Silvia de; Alemany, Laia; Lloveras, Belen; Ruiz, Patricia Alonso de; Lima, Marcus Aurelho; Guimera, Nuria; Clavero, Omar; Alejo, Maria; Llombart-Bosch, Antonio; Tatti, Silvio Alejandro; Alejandro, Silvio; Kasamatsu, Elena; Odida, Michael; Jain, Asha; Lombardi, Luis Estuardo; Banjo, Aekunbiola; Lerma, Enrique; Sasagawa, Toshiyuki; Toshiyuki
Knowledge about the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in invasive cervical cancer is crucial to guide the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. We aimed to provide novel and comprehensive data about the worldwide genotype distribution in patients with invasive cervical cancer. Paraffin-embedded samples of histologically confirmed cases of invasive cervical cancer were collected from 38 countries in Europe, North America, central South America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Inclusion criteria were a pathological confirmation of a primary invasive cervical cancer of epithelial origin in the tissue sample selected for analysis of HPV DNA, and information about the year of diagnosis. HPV detection was done by use of PCR with SPF-10 broad-spectrum primers followed by DNA enzyme immunoassay and genotyping with a reverse hybridisation line probe assay. Sequence analysis was done to characterise HPV-positive samples with unknown HPV types. Data analyses included algorithms of multiple infections to estimate type-specific relative contributions. 22 661 paraffin-embedded samples were obtained from 14 249 women. 10 575 cases of invasive cervical cancer were included in the study, and 8977 (85%) of these were positive for HPV DNA. The most common HPV types were 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 with a combined worldwide relative contribution of 8196 of 8977 (91%, 95% CI 90–92). HPV types 16 and 18 were detected in 6357 of 8977 of cases (71%, 70–72) of invasive cervical cancer. HPV types 16, 18, and 45 were detected in 443 of 470 cases (94%, 92–96) of cervical adenocarcinomas. Unknown HPV types that were identified with sequence analysis were 26, 30, 61, 67, 69, 82, and 91 in 103 (1%) of 8977 cases of invasive cervical cancer. Women with invasive cervical cancers related to HPV types 16, 18, or 45 presented at a younger mean age than did those with other HPV types (50·0 years [49·6–50·4], 48·2 years [47·3–49·2], 46·8 years [46·6–48·1], and 55·5 years [54·9–56·1], respectively). To our knowledge, this study is the largest assessment of HPV genotypes to date. HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 should be given priority when the cross-protective effects of current vaccines are assessed, and for formulation of recommendations for the use of second-generation polyvalent HPV vaccines. Our results also suggest that type-specific high-risk HPV-DNA-based screening tests and protocols should focus on HPV types 16, 18, and 45.
Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution in Invasive Cervical Cancer in Uganda
(BMC infectious diseases, 2008) Odida, Michael; Sanjosé, Silvia de; Bosch, Xavier F.; Weiderpass, Elisabete
We conducted a study aiming to describe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in invasive cervical carcinoma in Uganda. 191 archival cervical carcinoma samples diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Makerere University in Kampala between 1968 and 1992 were analysed using a sensitive PCR-Reverse Hybridization Line Probe Assay. Out of the 186 cases of confirmed invasive cervical cancer in the study paraffin blocks, 114 were positive for HPV DNA. Specific HPV genotypes were identifiable in 109 cases: HPV 16, 18, 31, 35, 39, 44, 45, 51, 52 and 70. These occurred as single infections in 105 cases (96.3%) and as multiple infections in 4 cases (3.7%). HPV 16 or 18 accounted for 80% (84/105) of cases with single infection. The results of this study confirm the role of HPV 16 and 18 in cervical cancer pathogenesis in the Ugandan population. The results suggest that the currently available HPV vaccines against HPV 16 and 18 could possibly prevent the majority of invasive cervical cancers in Uganda.
Immunohistochemical Expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in a Cohort of Ugandan Men with Prostate Cancer: an analytical cross-sectional study
(African Journal of Urology, 2020) Amsi, Patrick T.; Yahaya, James J.; Kalungi, Sam; Odida, Michael
Mutation of the tumour suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 is thought to cause early development of prostate cancer which has poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of BRCA1/2 and correlate it with clinicopathological factors for patients with prostate cancer in Uganda. Retrospectively, we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of BRCA1/2 antibodies in tissue blocks of 188 patients with prostate cancer who were diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2014 in the Department of Pathology, Makerere College of Health Sciences. The Chi-Square test was used to determine the association of the categorical variables, whereas t-test was used to compare groups of mean of the variables in the study. Expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was found in 26.1% and 22.9% cases, respectively. Co-expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was found in only 7.4%. Gleason score was associated with expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (P = 0.013, P = 0.041, respectively). Age was not associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression; P = 0.543, P = 0.091, respectively. Likewise, PSA was not associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression; P = 0.446, P = 0.399, respectively. BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins in this study were expressed more in cases with poorly differentiated prostate cancer than in cases with either well or moderately differentiated prostate cancer. Co-expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins in the same patient in our study was 3 times less than either BRCA1 or BRCA2 alone.
Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma Mimicking Primary Ovarian Carcinoma Presenting as ‘Giant’ Ovarian Tumors in an Individual with Probable Lynch Syndrome: A Case Report
(Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2013) Ongom, Peter A.; Odida, Michael; Lukande, Robert L.; Jombwe, Josephat; Elobu, Emmanuel
Ovarian metastases occur in 3 to 8% of women with primary colon cancer. In the setting of a pre-existing colorectal carcinoma this would constitute a hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, Lynch 2 syndrome, accounting for 5 to 10% of colon cancer cases. We unveil a case of ‘giant’ ovarian tumors mimicking primary ovarian cancer; ostensibly the first reported in East Africa.
Nasal Subcutaneous Phycomycosis: An uncommon occurrence
(International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2014) Buname, Gustave; Byaruhanga, Richard; Kakande; Kakande, Emily; Namwagala, Justine; Alele, David; Odida, Michael; Ndoleriire, Christopher
Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a very rare fungal infection of the subcutaneous fats caused by Zygomatous group of fungi. We report an uncommon case of an adult male with nasal subcutaneous phycomycosis which presented as painless, non tender, itchy swelling on his nose. Histopathological analysis of the biopsied tissues revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation containing fungal hyphae with surrounding langhans giant cells and eosinophilia. Periodic acid Schiff outlined the fungal hyphae and spores. The swelling resolved completely in the second month of treatment after the patient was started on oral potassium iodide and fluconazole.
p53 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma in relation to Histopathological Features in Ugandan Patients
(African health sciences, 2008) Rambau, Peter F.; Odida, Michael; Wabinga, Henry
It has been shown that colorectal carcinoma is increasing in incidence in African countries. This could be due to change in life style. Molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer commonly involves mutation in p53 gene which leads to expression of p53 protein in tumor cells. Expression of p53 protein has been associated with poor clinical outcome and reduced survival in patients. This was a retrospective laboratory based study carried out in the Department of Pathology Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of p53 protein in colorectal carcinoma in Ugandan patients, specifically its association with histological types, degree of differentiation, sites of the tumor and demographic characteristics of the patients. Immunohistochemistry was carried out on 109 patient\'s paraffin embedded tissue blocks of colorectal carcinoma diagnosed in the Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Makerere University Kampala during the period 1995 to 2005. The indirect immunoperoxidase method using monoclonal antibody p53 DO-7 and Envision + Dual link system-HRP to detect p53 expression was used. Haematoxylin and eosin stain was used for evaluation of histological types and degree of differentiation of the tumors. Topography of the tumors and demographic data were obtained from accompanying histological request forms. Out of 109 patient\'s tissue blocks that were studied, 61 cases (56%) expressed p53 protein in the nucleus of malignant cells. Right sided colonic tumors were commoner (53.2%) than left sided colonic tumors (46.8%). p53 protein was expressed more in left sided colonic tumors with a significant difference (p<0.05), it was also expressed more in well differentiated tumors and non mucinous adenocarcinomas but with no significant difference (p>0.05). p53 expression was not affected by age or sex. Frequency of p53 protein expression in Ugandan patients did not differ from that reported in the other parts of the world. It was expressed more in the left sided colonic tumors and this could support the hypothesis that right and left colonic tumors could have different pathogenesis and probably also responsible for difference in prognosis in these two topographic sites.
Primary Osteosarcoma of the Breast with Extensive Chondroid Matrix in a Teenager Female Patient: The Paradoxical Diagnosis in Breast Mastopathy
(International Medical Case Reports Journal, 2020) Yahaya, James Joseph; Odida, Michael
Non-epithelial tumors of the breast are extremely rare and have an incidence of less than 1%. The most common non-epithelial breast tumor is the phyllodes tumor (PT), which accounts for 61%. Primary osteosarcomas of the breast contribute up to only 12.5% of all breast sarcomas. In young females, osteosarcomas are extremely rare, especially in those without a previous history of primary bone osteosarcoma. A case of a 16-year old female with primary osteosarcoma of the breast (POB) with extensive chondroid matrix involving the left breast is herein presented.
Primary Pyomyositis: Its Socioeconomic Effects; A Community Overview. A Qualitative Study Design
(Int J Trop Dis Health, 2015) Kitara, David Lagoro; Bwangamoi, Paul Okot; Wabinga, Henry; Odida, Michael
To assess the community’s views on the socioeconomic effects of primary pyomyositis to patients, family, health facilities and community. A cross-sectional study design using qualitative research methods. Gulu Regional and other Hospitals in Northern Uganda from September 2011 to November 2013. The study was conducted among patients with primary pyomyositis, next of kin, health workers and opinion leaders on their views on the socioeconomic effects of pyomyositis. Key Informant Interviews, Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews were used to obtain qualitative information. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from Gulu University IRB and the National Council of Science and Technology (UNCS&T). Thematic content analysis was used for analysis of this qualitative data.
Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival of Patients with Prostate Cancer in Kyadondo County, Uganda
(Prostate Cancer, 2020) Yahaya, James Joseph; Okecha, Tonny; Odida, Michael; Wabinga, Henry
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men globally. A few studies that have been done in Uganda on survival of patients with prostate cancer indicate that, the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer in Uganda is poor. The aim of this study was to determine the 3-year overall survival rate of a cohort of patients with prostate cancer residing in Kyadondo County who were diagnosed from 2012 to 2014. The secondary objective was to correlate the overall survival with the clinicopathological prognostic factors. Materials and Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study which involved 136 patients who were diagnosed histologically with prostate cancer at the department of pathology between 2012 and 2014. The cases were registered at the Kampala cancer registry and followed up to 31st December 2017. Data analysis was done using STATA version 12.0. The Kaplan-Meir curves were used for analysis of the 3-year overall survival rate. Hazard ratio (HR) and Log-rank test at 95% confidence interval under Cox-regression model were used to evaluate the effect of the covariates on the 3-year overall survival rate. was considered statistically significant. Results. More than half of the cases, 55.9% () had Gleason score >8. Most of the patients, 67.7% () had advanced disease at diagnosis. The 3-year overall survival rate was 67.6% with median survival of 36.5 months and range of 0–65 months. Clinical stage of the patients (HR = 1.65, ), Gleason score (HR = 1.88, ), and lymphovascular invasion (HR = 0.37, ) were the independent predictors of the 3-year overall survival rate in this study. The 3-year overall survival of prostate cancer patients in Uganda is poor. Most of the patients with are diagnosed with advanced clinical stages (stage III and IV). The Gleason score, clinical stage and lymphovascular invasion can powerfully predict independently the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer. This implies that the Gleason score, clinical stage and lymphovascular invasion may be used to predict the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer even prior prostatectomy.
Prognostic Factors for Survival of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Patients in Uganda
(Cancer Management and Research, 2022) Wismayer, Richard; Kiwanuka, Julius; Wabinga, Henry; Odida, Michael
In Uganda, similar to other countries in East Africa, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been steadily increasing. This increase in incidence is accompanied by a poor prognosis. There is limited knowledge on factors responsible for the poor outcome of patients with CRC in Uganda. Cancer survival analysis is one way of determining some of these prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to determine prognostic factors associated with CRC survival in Ugandan patients.

Browsing by Author "Odida, Michael"

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