Browsing by Author "Micheni, Lisa"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antibacterial Activity of Carica papaya against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolated from Wards Surfaces of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
    (Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 2019) Sunusi Adam, Abubakar; Ntulume, Ibrahim; Adeyemo, Rasheed; Akinola, Saheed; Jatau Abubakar, Ibrahim; Almustapha Aleiro, Adamu; Onkobah, Sarah; Micheni, Lisa; Namatovu, Alice
    This study aimed at determining the antibacterial activity of Carica papaya against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from doorknobs, bed rails, floors and walls of Surgical, Medical, Maternity, Pediatrics, Accident and Emergency, Semiprivate and Private wards of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. The bacteria were isolated from the wards surfaces and identified using biochemical tests, Desferroxiomine and Fosfomycin antibiotics. Disc diffusion method was used to detect methicillin resistance in S. epidermidis using Cefoxitin (30 μg) disc. Fresh leaves and seeds of C. papaya was processed and extracted using standard methods. Antibacterial activities of the methanol, acetone and aqueous crude extracts were assayed using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical analysis, Minimum Inhibitory and Bactericidal concentration of the crude extracts were determined using broth dilution methods. Both C. papaya leaf and seed crude extract exhibited antibacterial activity against MRSE with MICs and MBCs ranges of 250 to 31.3mg/ml and 125 to 31.3 mg/mL for leaf and seed extracts respectively. This study concludes that C. papaya leaf and seed crude extracts were effective against Methicillin resistant S. epidermidis.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Detection of Meca Gene in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Epidermidis Isolated from Wards Surfaces of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Uganda
    (Romanian Archives of Microbiology and Immunology, 2020) Adam, Abubakar S.; Micheni, Lisa; Onkoba, Sarah K.; Ntulume, Ibrahim; Aliero, Adamu A.; Namatovu, Alice
    Staphylococcus epidermidis is a Gram positive, coagulase-negative staphylococcus that frequently causes device- or surgery-associated nosocomial infections worldwide. Drug-resistant strains such as methicillin resistant S. epidermidis (DR-SE) have been reported with serious clinical implications. Objectives: This study determined the percentage of S. epidermidis from wards surfaces of Kampala International University-Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH), the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolates and searched for mecA gene among Cefoxitin resistant isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of three hundred sixty-three (363) swab samples were collected from floors, door knobs and walls from different wards. S. epidermidis was identified after subjecting the samples to five tests including growth on mannitol salt agar, catalase, coagulase, Desferrioxamine and Fosfomycin tests. Susceptibility patterns of all the S. epidermidis isolates identified were tested against Amikacin, Cefazolin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Cefoxitin using the disc diffusion method. All the isolates resistant to Cefoxitin were analysed for the presence of mecA gene using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: One hundred and twelve 112 (30.8%) strains of S. epidermidis were isolated from 363 samples collected. Out of 112 S. epidermidis isolates, 11 (9.8%) were found resistant to Cefoxitin and all Cefoxitin resistant isolates (100%) were found to have the mecA gene, while 89.3% of the strains were found non-susceptible to Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole. Conclusion: This study found that S. epidermidis is present on wards surfaces of KIU-TH. S. epidermidis isolates harboured Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole resistance in a high percent. All the isolates resistant to Cefoxitin were positive for the mecA gene. Taking into consideration the high rate of Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole non-susceptibility, Cefazolin, Cefoxitin, Gentamycin and Amikacin are recommended as a better prescription for managing infections caused by S. epidermidis resistant to commonly used antibiotics in the studied area.