Browsing by Author "Kawuma, Brian"

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    African swine fever: Uganda smallholder pig value chain capacity development training manual
    (ILRI Manual, 2015) Nantima, Noelina; Dione, Michel M.; Brandes-van Dorresteijn, Diana; Kawuma, Brian; Smith, Jeff
    Pork production and consumption have risen rapidly in Uganda over the past decade, driven by population growth, urbanization, increasing incomes, and changing tastes. In 2011, Uganda had the highest per capita consumption of pork in East Africa (3.4 kg/person per year). The number of pigs has increased more than tenfold from less than 200,000 three decades ago to roughly 3.2 million. More than 1 million households in Uganda raise those pigs. The majority of the pigs are kept by women in rural areas, with limited access to technology, services and markets
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    Parasite control in pigs: Uganda smallholder pig value chain capacity development training manual
    (ILRI Manual, 2015) Nakatudde, Patricia; Dione, Michel M.; Roesel, Kristina; Kawuma, Brian; Brandes-van Dorresteijn, Diana; Smith, Jeff
    Pork production and consumption have risen rapidly in Uganda over the past decade, driven by population growth, urbanization, increasing incomes, and changing tastes. In 2011, Uganda had the highest per capita consumption of pork in East Africa (3.4 kg/person per year). The number of pigs has increased more than tenfold from less than 200,000 three decades ago to roughly 2.3 million. More than 1 million households in Uganda raise those pigs. The majority of the pigs are kept by women in rural areas, with limited access to technology, services and markets. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish,2 led by the International Livestock Research Institute, started the Smallholder Pig Value Chain Development Project to improve the livelihoods of smallholder pig producers, particularly women, through increased productivity, reduced risk from disease, and improved market access. A key activity of the project is to enhance the capacity of women and men pig producers, and help them transform subsistence-level pig-keeping into viable, profitable businesses. A companion project, ‘Safe Food, Fair Food’, under the CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health,3 is working to improve pork safety and market access. These efforts, in turn, should enhance food security, help preserve natural resources and reduce poverty. Poverty in Uganda currently stands at 37.8% (people living on less than USD 1.25/day). This training modules are targeted to extension workers, veterinarians and para-veterinarians, and policy makers responsible for animal disease surveillance and control and for livestock market development and regulation. Improved knowledge should help provide incentive for decision-makers to help poor pig farmers, and promote the sector.
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    Qualitative analysis of the risks and practices associated with the spread of African swine fever within the smallholder pig value chains in Uganda
    (Preventive veterinary medicine, 2016) Dione, Michel; Ouma, Emily; Opio, Felix; Kawuma, Brian; Pezo, Danilo
    tA study was undertaken between September 2014 and December 2014 to assess the perceptions of smallholder pig value chain actors of the risks and practices associated with the spread of African swine fever (ASF) disease within the pig value chains. Data was collected from 136 value chain actors and 36key informants through 17 group discussions and two key informant interview (KII) sessions respectively using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools.Results from this study revealed that according to value chain actors and stakeholders, the transport-ing, slaughtering, and collecting/bulking nodes represent the highest risk, followed by the inputs andservices (feeds and drugs) supply nodes. The processing, whole sale and consumption nodes represented the lowest risk. Value chain actors are aware of the disease and its consequences to the pig industry,however biosecurity measures are poorly implemented at all nodes. As for the causes, value chain actors pointed to several factors, such as inadequate knowledge of mechanisms for the spread of the disease,poor enforcement of regulations on disease control, and low capacities of actors to implement biosecurity measures, amongst others. Although traders, butchers and veterinary practitioners accepted that they played an important role in the spread of the virus, they did not perceive themselves as key actors in the control of the disease; instead, they believed that only farmers should adopt biosecurity measures on their farms because they keep the pigs for a longer period. Most of the recommendations given by the value chain actors for controlling and preventing ASF disease were short term, and targeted mainly pig producers. These recommendations included: the establishment of live pig collection centres so that traders and brokers do not have to directly access pig farms, capacity building of value chain actors on application of biosecurity, enactment and enforcement of by-laws on live pig movements and establishment of operational outbreak reporting mechanism at district level. Long term recommendations included the development of a vaccine, as well as pen-side diagnostic tests. This study suggests that interventions to control ASF disease through application of biosecurity measures should target all value chain nodes, while putting more emphasis on post-farm nodes especially the trading.
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    Transferring participatory research skills to stakeholders: Training extension staff on African swine fever data collection along the smallholder pig value chain in Uganda
    (International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), 2015) Dione, Michel; Kawuma, Brian
    African swine fever (ASF) is the most feared disease by smallholder pig by value chain actors in Uganda, because of its high mortality (Dione et al., 2014). Though many farmers are threatened by the disease, low biosecurity is common along the pig value chain. To explain the current bad practices, value chain actors often point out their lack of knowledge on best practices in pig management (Dione et al., 2014; Ouma et al., 2014). Also issues related to lack of capacities and incentives for value chain actors to adopt biosecurity measures for the control of ASF were observed in the field during value chain assessment carried out by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) (Ouma et al., 2014). These factors might have contributed to the persistence and dissemination of the disease amongst the pig population shown by the numerous outbreaks observed in the country. Farmers who are the big losers during those outbreaks are often worried, and a lot of them exit from the business following ASF outbreaks. Currently, there are no effective actions that are being undertaken to control the disease locally, even less so at national level.