Browsing by Author "Isunju, John Bosco"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Adherence to oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda(African Health Sciences, 2021) Kakoola Nalukwago, Grace; Isunju, John Bosco; Muwonge, Timothy; Katairo, Thomas; Bunani, Nelson; Semitala, Fred; Kyambadde, Peter; Matovu, FlaviaIn Kampala Uganda, female sex workers (FSWs) have high HIV prevalence (33%). Oral PrEP is a novel HIV prevention intervention that offers hope to decrease HIV incidence in key populations especially among FSWs. Studies have shown that with poor adherence, oral PrEP has no efficacy, and therefore adherence to PrEP is critical among FSWs to maximize HIV prevention. However, implementation data on adherence to PrEP among FSWs is limited so this study sought to assess adherence to PrEP. Specifically, we sought to 1) determine the level of adherence to PrEP among FSWs, and 2) determine factors associated with PrEP adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2018; 126 FSWs using PrEP were interviewed using a questionnaire. Adherence was categorically defined as high adherence and low adherence. Logistic regression was done. Results: Using long-term contraception methods (OR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.04-0.77) and not using condoms with clients (OR 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.42) were negatively associated with high PrEP adherence. Conclusion: Barriers to PrEP adherence need to be addressed for successful PrEP implementation to improve adherence going forward. Service care providers should reinforce positive behaviors such as use of condoms devotedly during PrEP breaks.Item Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Related to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment among Welders in Small-scale Metal Workshops in Nansana Municipality, Wakiso District, Uganda(Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2022) Nalugya, Aisha; Kiguli, Juliet; Wafula, Solomon T.; Nuwematsiko, Rebecca; Mugambe, Richard K.; Oputan, Patience; Tigaiza, Arnold; Isunju, John Bosco; Ssekamatte, TonnyDespite the risks involved in welding, there is limited evidence of the knowledge, attitude and practices related to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among welders in small-scale metal workshops. We assessed the level of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) related to PPE use among welders in small-scale workshops in Nansana Municipality, Wakiso district, Uganda.Item Low Back Pain Effects, Management and Coping Strategies among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Eastern Uganda: A Cross- Sectional Study.(Research Square, 2021) ZAVUGA, Robert; Waako, Susan; Twimukye, Moses; Mugambe, Richard K; Isunju, John Bosco; Muwonge, Haruna; Masete, Ivan; Kusasira, Stephen; Guwatudde, David17AbstractBackgroundDespite Low back pain (LBP) being one of the most common complaints among pregnant women,healthcare workers write it off as a normal experience of the pregnancy, thus remaining untreated. It isknown to affect the daily functionality of many pregnant women in activities including those that involvesitting, walking, standing and lifting. The inadequacy of information on LBP among pregnant women inUganda may have led to the unavailability of obstetric guidelines for its diagnosis and management. Thisstudy established the effects of LBP effects on daily performance, management and coping strategiesamong pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Eastern Uganda.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 341 pregnant women attending antenatal care. Theprimary outcome measure was LBP. The study enrolled pregnant women who reported having LBP andcorrectly located the site of the pain using the pain and body chart as having LBP. Data onsociodemographic characteristics, pain intensity, functional disability, effects of LBP on dailyperformance, management and coping strategies were collected.ResultsOf the 341 respondents, (105, 30.8%) reported LBP. Majority of the women with LBP (71, 67.6%) hadminimal disability with an Owestry Disability Index (ODI) score of 0-20%. The activities that were mostaffected with mild interference on daily routine activities were lifting 81%, standing 74%, personal care74% and traveling 74%. Majority of the respondents (80, 76.19%) reported their LBP during the Antenatalcare (ANC) visits at the hospital and of these 62 (79.49%) were given painkillers, 13 (16.67%) receivedcounselling and patient education, 3 (3.85%). For the respondents who did not receive any treatment fromthe ANC visits, the majority (23, 60.53%) used herbs and others used self-medication (5, 13.16%)ConclusionLBP affects most of the daily functional activities of pregnant women with minimal and moderatedisability. Although the disability is not severe, it affects their quality of life and productivity. The pregnant women managed their LBP mainly by conservative means of treatment, especially by the use ofpharmacological management and rest from activities.Item Perceived risk versus objectively measured risk of HIV acquisition: a cross-sectional study among HIV-negative individuals in Serodiscordant partnerships with clients attending an Urban Clinic in Uganda(BMC Public Health, 2019) Tugume, Lillian; Muwonge, Timothy Ronald; Nakku Joloba, Edith; Isunju, John Bosco; Matovu Kiweewa, FlaviaAcceptability of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) could be hampered by low self-perceived risk for HIV acquisition. Moreover, discordance between risk perception and actual risk of HIV acquisition is likely to occur. We assessed congruence between the level of self- perceived and that of objectively scored risk of HIV acquisition among HIV-negative individuals in discordant relationships. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among a representative sample of HIV-negative adult males and females whose partners were receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 3 months from the Infectious Diseases Institute Clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Perceived risk was measured based on self-report using a numerical rating scale whereas objective risk was measured using a validated risk score tool. Congruence between perceived risk and objectively scored risk was evaluated using descriptive statistics and validity measures. Incongruence between the two phenomena was further evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results: HIV-negative partners evaluated in this study were mostly male (64%) with a median age of 41 years (IQR 35 to 50). Majority (76.3%) of the partners perceived themselves as low risk for HIV acquisition. Similarly, most (93.8%) were objectively scored as low risk. However, nearly three quarters (72.7%) of partners who were objectively scored as high risk perceived themselves as being at low risk and all were men. The sensitivity and specificity of perceived risk for detecting the objectively measured risk was 27.3 and 76.5% respectively; area under ROC curve = 0.52; 95%CI (0.38, 0.66). The proportion of participants at high risk of HIV acquisition who perceived their risk as low was greater among those whose partners had detectable viral load compared to participants whose partners had undetectable viral load (PR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.29 to 0.90). Conclusion: Incongruence between perceived and objectively measured risk of HIV acquisition does occur especially among individuals whose partners had a detectable viral load. PrEP counselling for serodiscordant couples should focus on explaining the consequence of detectable viral load in the HIV-positive partner on HIV transmission risk.