Browsing by Author "Imanirampa, Lawrence"

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    Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity Evaluation in Rats of PPOJ5 and ADOJ6 Herbal Remedies Used Traditionally in the Management of HIV Infection
    (Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2016) Joseph, Oloro; Mukasa, Kiguli James; Ritah, Nabirumbi; Kihdze, Tanayen Julius; Imanirampa, Lawrence; Bajunirwe, Francis; Ganafa, Amon Agaba
    The use of herbal medicine in the treatment of many ailments is on the rise. It’s a common practice in many rural communities where access to health care is poor but also in the developed world. There is however, no much attention paid to the potential toxicity of these herbal products. This study was conducted to determine the toxicity of two herbal remedies; PPOJ5 and ADOJ6, being used for the management of patients with HIV. Both acute and sub-acute toxicity were evaluated using a rat model. Liver, renal and haematological parameters were measured. PPOJ5 was found slightly toxic with an estimated LD50 of 1.341 g/kg body weight and it significantly elevated lymphocyte count. ADOJ6 was safe in both acute and sub-acute toxicity studies. There is a need to evaluate the extracts of both PPOJ5 and ADOJ6 on isolated human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) to determine their safety level and possible immunostimulatory effects of PPOJ5.
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    Acute Toxicity, Antipyretic and Antinociceptive Study of the Crude Saponin from an Edible Vegetable: Vernonia Amygdalina Leaf
    (International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2012) Adiukwu, Paul Chukwuemeka; Agaba, Amon; Nambatya, Grace; Adzu, Bulus; Imanirampa, Lawrence; Twinomujuni, Silvano; Twikirize, Osbert; Amanya, Martin; Ezeonwumelu, Joseph Obiezuchukwujekwu; Oloro, Joseph; Okoruwa, Godwin Aiyabalu; Katusiime, Barbra
    Vernonia amygdalina is commonly used for food and health purposes. Processing of the leaf for food is aimed at removing bitter tasting antinutritional principles like saponins. This study was designed to determine the antipyretic and antinociceptive property of the crude saponin from Vernonia amygdalina leaf. Standard procedure for antipyretic study using Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced pyrexia in rats; and acetic acid induced writhe, hot plate and cold tail flick tests for antinociceptive study in mice were used. Data for the crude saponin showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) dose dependent anal temperature decrease. The antinociceptive data in mice was significant (P ≤ 0.05) in the writhing test contrary to the cold tail flick test. In acute toxicity study, an LD50 of 5.1523 g/kg using oral route indicated it was practically non-toxic. Finding suggests that Vernonia amygdalina leaf prepared as diet could be of potential benefit to ailing persons with fever and/or pains, if processing technique adopts minimal loss of principles like saponins.
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    Toxicity of four herbs used in erectile dysfunction;Mondia whiteii,Cola acuminata,Urtica massaica, and Tarenna graveolensin male rats
    (African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2015) Oloro, Joseph; Tanayen Kihdze, Julius; Katusiime, Barbra; Imanirampa, Lawrence; Waako, Paul; Bajunirwe, Francis; Agaba Ganafa, Amon
    In Sub-Saharan Africa, herbal medicines are commonly used for prevention or treatment of illnesses, including erectile dysfunction. Contemporary medicines used to manage erectile dysfunction are not only inaccessible to local populations, but also impose significant out-of-pocket expenditure on patients. Herbal medicines offer alternatives for alleviating erectile dysfunction, which has clinical, psychological and societal consequences. Regardless, there are increasing concerns about the safety and/or toxicity of herbal medicines. In this study, the toxicity of aqueous extracts of four herbs, commonly used in south-western Uganda, to manage erectile dysfunction, was investigated. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were conducted following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines for toxicity study. All four plants extracts were found safe at single dose exposure up to the limit dose of 5000 mg/kg. Extracts of Cola acuminate reduced the weights of the experimental animals, Tarenna graveolens and Cola acuminata indicated low level liver toxicity and Tarenna graveolens, Cola acuminata and Urtica massaica indicated low level renal toxicity following multiple exposures for 90 days. Three of the four herbs studied have shown low level toxicity on multiple exposure for 90 days.