Prevalence and correlates of carotid plaque in a mixed HIV‑serostatus cohort in Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorBibangambah, Prossy
dc.contributor.authorHemphill, Linda C.
dc.contributor.authorAcan, Moses
dc.contributor.authorTsai, Alexander C.
dc.contributor.authorSentongo, Ruth N.
dc.contributor.authorKim, June‑Ho
dc.contributor.authorYang, Isabelle T.
dc.contributor.authorSiedner, Mark J.
dc.contributor.authorOkello, Samson
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-29T08:37:13Z
dc.date.available2022-04-29T08:37:13Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe extent to which the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is increased among people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa remains unknown. Setting: Cross-sectional analysis nested within the Ugandan Noncommunicable Diseases and Aging Cohort, including PLWH in rural Uganda > 40 years taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 3 years, and a population-based control group of HIV-uninfected age- and sex-matched persons. Methods: We conducted carotid ultrasonography and collected ACVD risk factor data. Our outcome of interest was carotid plaque, defined as > 1.5 mm thickness from the intima-lumen interface to the media-adventitia interface. We fit multivariable logistic regression models to estimate correlates of carotid plaque including HIV-specific and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Results: We enrolled 155 (50.2%) PLWH and 154 (49.8%) HIV-uninfected comparators, with a mean age of 51.4 years. Among PLWH, the median CD4 count was 433 cells/mm3 and 97.4% were virologically suppressed. Carotid plaque prevalence was higher among PLWH (8.4% vs 3.3%). HIV infection (aOR 3.90; 95% CI 1.12–13.60) and current smokers (aOR 6.60; 95% CI 1.22–35.80) had higher odds of carotid plaque, whereas moderate (aOR 0.13, 95% CI 0.01–1.55) and vigorous intensity of physical activity (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.07–1.52) were associated with decreased odds of carotid plaque. Conclusion: In rural Uganda, PLWH have higher prevalence of carotid plaque compared to age- and sex-matched HIV-uninfected comparators. Future work should explore how biomedical and lifestyle modifications might reduce atherosclerotic burden among PLWH in the region.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBibangambah, P., Hemphill, L. C., Acan, M., Tsai, A. C., Sentongo, R. N., Kim, J. H., ... & Okello, S. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of carotid plaque in a mixed HIV-serostatus cohort in Uganda. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 21(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-021-02416-5en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-021-02416-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/2936
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBMC Cardiovascular Disordersen_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectCarotid intima media thicknessen_US
dc.subjectCarotid plaqueen_US
dc.subjectAtherosclerosisen_US
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseaseen_US
dc.titlePrevalence and correlates of carotid plaque in a mixed HIV‑serostatus cohort in Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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