Ebola disease outbreak caused by the Sudan virus in Uganda, 2022: a descriptive epidemiological study

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorArio, Alex R
dc.contributor.authorAhirirwe, Sherry R
dc.contributor.authorOcero, Jane R Aceng
dc.contributor.authorAtwine, Diana
dc.contributor.authorMuruta, Allan N
dc.contributor.authorKagirita, Atek
dc.contributor.authorTegegn, Yonas
dc.contributor.authorKadobera, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorKwesiga, Benon
dc.contributor.authorGidudu, Samuel
dc.contributor.authorMigisha, Richard
dc.contributor.authorMakumbi, Issa
dc.contributor.authorElyanu, Peter J
dc.contributor.authorNdyabakira, Alex
dc.contributor.authorEt.al
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-02T14:29:51Z
dc.date.available2024-10-02T14:29:51Z
dc.date.issued2024-10
dc.description.abstractUganda has had seven Ebola disease outbreaks, between 2000 and 2022. On Sept 20, 2022, the Ministry of Health declared a Sudan virus disease outbreak in Mubende District, Central Uganda. We describe the epidemiological characteristics and transmission dynamics.BACKGROUNDUganda has had seven Ebola disease outbreaks, between 2000 and 2022. On Sept 20, 2022, the Ministry of Health declared a Sudan virus disease outbreak in Mubende District, Central Uganda. We describe the epidemiological characteristics and transmission dynamics.For this descriptive study, cases were classified as suspected, probable, or confirmed using Ministry of Health case definitions. We investigated all reported cases to obtain data on case-patient demographics, exposures, and signs and symptoms, and identified transmission chains. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study and also calculated basic reproduction number (Ro) estimates.METHODSFor this descriptive study, cases were classified as suspected, probable, or confirmed using Ministry of Health case definitions. We investigated all reported cases to obtain data on case-patient demographics, exposures, and signs and symptoms, and identified transmission chains. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study and also calculated basic reproduction number (Ro) estimates.Between Aug 8 and Nov 27, 2022, 164 cases (142 confirmed, 22 probable) were identified from nine (6%) of 146 districts. The median age was 29 years (IQR 20-38), 95 (58%) of 164 patients were male, and 77 (47%) patients died. Symptom onsets ranged from Aug 8 to Nov 27, 2022. The case fatality rate was highest in children younger than 10 years (17 [74%] of 23 patients). Fever (135 [84%] of 160 patients), vomiting (93 [58%] patients), weakness (89 [56%] patients), and diarrhoea (81 [51%] patients) were the most common symptoms; bleeding was uncommon (21 [13%] patients). Before outbreak identification, most case-patients (26 [60%] of 43 patients) sought care at private health facilities. The median incubation was 6 days (IQR 5-8), and median time from onset to death was 10 days (7-23). Most early cases represented health-care-associated transmission (43 [26%] of 164 patients); most later cases represented household transmission (109 [66%]). Overall Ro was 1·25.FINDINGSBetween Aug 8 and Nov 27, 2022, 164 cases (142 confirmed, 22 probable) were identified from nine (6%) of 146 districts. The median age was 29 years (IQR 20-38), 95 (58%) of 164 patients were male, and 77 (47%) patients died. Symptom onsets ranged from Aug 8 to Nov 27, 2022. The case fatality rate was highest in children younger than 10 years (17 [74%] of 23 patients). Fever (135 [84%] of 160 patients), vomiting (93 [58%] patients), weakness (89 [56%] patients), and diarrhoea (81 [51%] patients) were the most common symptoms; bleeding was uncommon (21 [13%] patients). Before outbreak identification, most case-patients (26 [60%] of 43 patients) sought care at private health facilities. The median incubation was 6 days (IQR 5-8), and median time from onset to death was 10 days (7-23). Most early cases represented health-care-associated transmission (43 [26%] of 164 patients); most later cases represented household transmission (109 [66%]). Overall Ro was 1·25.Despite delayed detection, the 2022 Sudan virus disease outbreak was rapidly controlled, possibly thanks to a low Ro. Children (aged <10 years) were at the highest risk of death, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve their outcomes during Ebola disease outbreaks. Initial care-seeking occurred at facilities outside the government system, showing a need to ensure that private and public facilities receive training to identify possible Ebola disease cases during an outbreak. Health-care-associated transmission in private health facilities drove the early outbreak, suggesting gaps in infection prevention and control.INTERPRETATIONDespite delayed detection, the 2022 Sudan virus disease outbreak was rapidly controlled, possibly thanks to a low Ro. Children (aged <10 years) were at the highest risk of death, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve their outcomes during Ebola disease outbreaks. Initial care-seeking occurred at facilities outside the government system, showing a need to ensure that private and public facilities receive training to identify possible Ebola disease cases during an outbreak. Health-care-associated transmission in private health facilities drove the early outbreak, suggesting gaps in infection prevention and control.None.FUNDINGNone. MEDLINE - Academic
dc.description.sponsorshipBetween Aug 8 and Nov 27, 2022, 164 cases (142 confirmed, 22 probable) were identified from nine (6%) of 146 districts. The median age was 29 years (IQR 20–38), 95 (58%) of 164 patients were male, and 77 (47%) patients died. Symptom onsets ranged from Aug 8 to Nov 27, 2022. The case fatality rate was highest in children younger than 10 years (17 [74%] of 23 patients). Fever (135 [84%] of 160 patients), vomiting (93 [58%] patients), weakness (89 [56%] patients), and diarrhoea (81 [51%] patients) were the most common symptoms; bleeding was uncommon (21 [13%] patients). Before outbreak identification, most case-patients (26 [60%] of 43 patients) sought care at private health facilities. The median incubation was 6 days (IQR 5–8), and median time from onset to death was 10 days (7–23). Most early cases represented health-care-associated transmission (43 [26%] of 164 patients); most later cases represented household transmission (109 [66%]). Overall Ro was 1∙25.
dc.identifier.citationArio, Alex R., Sherry R. Ahirirwe, Jane R. Aceng Ocero, et al. 'Ebola Disease Outbreak Caused by the Sudan Virus in Uganda, 2022: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study', The Lancet Global Health, vol. 12/no. 10, (2024), pp. e1684-e1692.
dc.identifier.issnISSN 2214-109X
dc.identifier.issnEISSN 2214-109X
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/9632
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier Ltd
dc.titleEbola disease outbreak caused by the Sudan virus in Uganda, 2022: a descriptive epidemiological study
dc.typeArticle
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
PIIS2214109X24002602.pdf
Size:
9.04 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Medical and Health Sciences