Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of raw milk produced by smallholder farmers in Gulu City, Northern Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorOpiyo, Alfred
dc.contributor.authorKidega, Kenneth
dc.contributor.authorOkello-Uma, Ipolto
dc.contributor.authorOlum, Solomon
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-12T06:15:51Z
dc.date.available2024-04-12T06:15:51Z
dc.date.issued2024-01-27
dc.description.abstractAbstract AbstractSmallholder dairy farmers in Northern Uganda sell raw milk to the final consumers without conducting quality control measures. This study evaluated physico-chemical and microbiological quality of milk produced by smallholder farmers in Gulu City. Samples of raw milk were collected from forty (40) smallholder dairy farmers rearing lactating exotic breed of dairy cows (Holstein Friesian) in zero grazing units and eight (8) from milk collection centers. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21.0) by employing descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and t-test to separate significant means at 5% level of significance. Significant (Pā€‰<ā€‰0.05) differences were observed in the content of solid-not-fat (SNF), specific gravity, pH value, lactic acid, Coliform count and total plate count of colony forming unit among four divisions in Gulu City. There was no discernible (pā€‰>ā€‰0.05) difference in protein as well as fat content for milk sampled from the study divisions. In conclusion, smallholder dairy farmers in Gulu City conduct limited recommended key practices for raw milk production leading to compromised microbiological and physico-chemical quality. Further research is needed on in-depth analysis of the different species of micro-organisms in raw milk from both local and exotic breeds of dairy cattle under the smallholder farming system in Northern Uganda.en_US
dc.identifier.citationOpiyo, Alfred, Kenneth Kidega, Ipolto Okello-Uma, et al. 'Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Raw Milk Produced by Smallholder Farmers in Gulu City, Northern Uganda', Cogent Food & Agriculture, vol. 10/no. 1, (2024), .en_US
dc.identifier.issnISSN 2331-1932
dc.identifier.issnEISSN 2331-1932
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/9476
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherTaylor & Francisen_US
dc.subjectMicrobiological quality; physico-chemical quality; raw milk; smallholder dairy farmersen_US
dc.titlePhysico-chemical and microbiological quality of raw milk produced by smallholder farmers in Gulu City, Northern Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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