From Procedure to Poverty: Out-of-Pocket and Catastrophic Expenditure for Pediatric Surgery in Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorYap, Ava
dc.contributor.authorCheung, Maija
dc.contributor.authorKakembo, Nasser
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Phyllis
dc.contributor.authorMuzira, Arlene
dc.contributor.authorSekabira, John
dc.contributor.authorOzgediz, Doruk
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-13T16:09:32Z
dc.date.available2022-03-13T16:09:32Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractFinancial protection from catastrophic health care expenditure (CHE) and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) spending are key indicators for sustainable surgical delivery. We aimed to calculate these metrics for a hospital stay requiring surgery in Uganda's pediatric population.A survey was administered to family members of postoperative patients in the pediatric surgical ward at Mulago Hospital. Cost categories included direct medical costs, direct nonmedical costs, indirect costs, plus money borrowed and items sold to pay for the hospital stay. CHE was defined as spending greater than 10% of annual household expenditure. Costs were reported in Ugandan shillings and US dollars.One hundred and thirty-two patient families were surveyed between November 2016 and April 2017. Median direct costs were $27.55 (IQR 18.73-183.69) for diagnostics, $18.36 (IQR 9.52-41.33) for medications, $26.63 (IQR 9.19-45.92) for transportation, and $32.60 (IQR 12.85-64.29) for food and lodging. Forty-four percent of respondents were employed, and median indirect cost from productivity loss was $95.52 (IQR 55.10-243.38). Eighteen percent (16/87) borrowed money, and 9% (8/87) sold possessions to pay for the hospital stay. Total median OOP cost for patient families per hospital stay was $150.62 (IQR 65.21-339.82). Sixteen percent (21/132) of families incurred CHE from direct costs, and the proportion rose to 27% (32/132) when indirect cost was included.Although pediatric surgical services in Uganda are formally provided for free by the public sector, families accrue substantial OOP expenditure and almost a third of households incur CHE for a pediatric surgical procedure. This study suggests that broader financial protection must be established to meet Sustainable Development Goal targets.en_US
dc.identifier.citationYap, A., Cheung, M., Kakembo, N., Kisa, P., Muzira, A., Sekabira, J., & Ozgediz, D. (2018). From procedure to poverty: out-of-pocket and catastrophic expenditure for pediatric surgery in Uganda. Journal of Surgical Research, 232, 484-491.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2018.05.077en_US
dc.identifier.issn0022-4804
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/2794
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Surgical Researchen_US
dc.subjectGlobal surgery; Resource-poor health care; Surgical costs; Out-of-pocket; Catastrophic health care expenditure; Pediatric surgeryen_US
dc.titleFrom Procedure to Poverty: Out-of-Pocket and Catastrophic Expenditure for Pediatric Surgery in Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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