Short Communication:
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Date
2009
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,
Abstract
Use of single dose nevirapine (sdNVP) to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission is associated with the
emergence of NVP resistance in many infants who are HIV infected despite prophylaxis. We combined results
from four clinical trials to analyze predictors of NVP resistance in sdNVP-exposed Ugandan infants. Samples were
tested with the ViroSeq HIV Genotyping System and a sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp, for detection of
K103N, Y181C, and G190A). NVP resistance was detected at 6–8 weeks in 36 (45.0%) of 80 infants using ViroSeq
and 33 (45.8%) of 72 infants using LigAmp. NVP resistance was more frequent among infants who were infected
in utero than among infants who were diagnosed with HIV infection after birth by 6–8 weeks of age. Detection of
NVP resistance at 6–8 weeks was not associated with HIV subtype (A vs. D), pre-NVP maternal viral load or CD4
cell count, infant viral load at 6–8 weeks, or infant sex. NVP resistance was still detected in some infants 6–12
months after sdNVP exposure. In this study, in utero HIV infection was the only factor associated with detection of
NVP resistance in infants 6–8 weeks after sdNVP exposure.
Description
Keywords
HIV Infection, Nevirapine resistance, Ugandan Infants, Perinatal Single Dose, Uganda
Citation
Church, J. D., Mwatha, A., Bagenda, D., Omer, S. B., Donnell, D., Musoke, P., ... & Eshleman, S. H. (2009). In utero HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of nevirapine resistance in Ugandan infants who were exposed to perinatal single dose nevirapine. AIDS research and human retroviruses, 25(7), 673-677.