Pain Among Ambulatory HIV/AIDS Patients: Multicenter Study of Prevalence, Intensity, Associated Factors, and Effect
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Date
2012
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The Journal of Pain
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence, intensity, associated factors, and effect of pain among ambulatory HIV/AIDS patients. Three-hundred two adult ambulatory HIV/AIDS patients were consecutively recruited from HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics at 2 teaching hospitals in Uganda. The presence and intensity of pain were self-reported using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI); symptom data were collected using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS-SF); and quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the Medical Outcome Scale-HIV. Forty-seven percent reported pain in the 7 days prior to the survey and pain was a symptom at the time of diagnosis for 68%. On the 0 to 10 numeric scale, 53% reported mild pain (1–4 rating), 20% reported moderate pain (5–6 rating) while 27% reported severe pain (7–10 rating). Gender was not associated with pain intensity, but reduced functional performance, increasing number of symptoms, advanced HIV disease , physical symptom distress (MSAS-SF), and number of health comorbidities were significantly associated with pain intensity (P < .04). Increasing pain intensity was associated with greater functional ability impairment (BPI functional interference index) and poorer QOL. Pain is a common symptom among ambulatory HIV/AIDS patients and has a debilitating effect on QOL. There is a significant unmet need for pain relief in the population.
Description
Keywords
HIV, pain rating, pain interference, function, quality of life.
Citation
Namisango, E., Harding, R., Atuhaire, L., Ddungu, H., Katabira, E., Muwanika, F. R., & Powell, R. A. (2012). Pain among ambulatory HIV/AIDS patients: multicenter study of prevalence, intensity, associated factors, and effect. The Journal of Pain, 13(7), 704-713.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2012.04.007