Risk Factors for Nodding Syndrome and Other Forms of Epilepsy in Northern Uganda: A Case-Control Study

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dc.contributor.authorGumisiriza, Nolbert
dc.contributor.authorKugler, Marina
dc.contributor.authorMubiru, Frank
dc.contributor.authorAnguzu, Ronald
dc.contributor.authorNingwa, Albert
dc.contributor.authorOgwang, Rodney
dc.contributor.authorAkun, Pamela
dc.contributor.authorMwaka, Amos Deogratius
dc.contributor.authorAbbo, Catherine
dc.contributor.authorSekibira, Rogers
dc.contributor.authorIdro, Richard
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-07T19:22:32Z
dc.date.available2023-06-07T19:22:32Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractEpidemiological studies suggest a link between onchocerciasis and various forms of epilepsy, including nodding syndrome (NS). The aetiopathology of onchocerciasis associated epilepsy remains unknown. This case-control study investigated potential risk factors that may lead to NS and other forms of non-nodding epilepsy (OFE) in northern Uganda. We consecutively recruited 154 persons with NS (aged between 8 and 20 years), and age-frequency matched them with 154 with OFE and 154 healthy community controls. Participants’ socio-demography, medical, family, and migration histories were recorded. We tested participants for O. volvulus serum antibodies. The 154 controls were used for both OFE and NS separately to determine associations. We recruited 462 people with a median age of 15 years (IQR 14, 17); 260 (56.4%) were males. Independent risk factors associated with the development of NS were the presence of O. volvulus antibodies [aOR 8.79, 95% CI (4.15–18.65), p-value < 0.001] and preterm birth [aOR 2.54, 95% CI (1.02–6.33), p-value = 0.046]. Risk factors for developing OFE were the presence of O. volvulus antibodies [aOR 8.83, 95% CI (4.48–17.86), p-value < 0.001] and being born in the period before migration to IDP camps [aOR 4.28, 95% CI (1.20–15.15), p-value = 0.024]. In conclusion, O. volvulus seropositivity was a risk factor to develop NS and OFE; premature birth was a potential co-factor. Living in IDP camps was not a risk factor for developing NS or OFE.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGumisiriza, N., Kugler, M., Brusselaers, N., Mubiru, F., Anguzu, R., Ningwa, A., ... & Idro, R. (2021). Risk factors for nodding syndrome and other forms of epilepsy in northern Uganda: a case-control study. Pathogens, 10(11), 1451.https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111451en_US
dc.identifier.issn2076-0817
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/8895
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPathogensen_US
dc.subjectrisk factorsen_US
dc.subjectnodding syndromeen_US
dc.subjectepilepsyen_US
dc.subjectonchocerciasisen_US
dc.titleRisk Factors for Nodding Syndrome and Other Forms of Epilepsy in Northern Uganda: A Case-Control Studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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