Dietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorIsabirye, Nathan
dc.contributor.authorEzeamama, Amara E.
dc.contributor.authorKyeyune-Bakyayita, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorBagenda, Danstan
dc.contributor.authorFawzi, Wafaie W.
dc.contributor.authorGuwatudde, David
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-11T11:38:17Z
dc.date.available2022-02-11T11:38:17Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractHIV/AIDS is a hallmark of immune suppression. Micronutrient deficiencies in diet and recurrent opportunistic infections play major roles in the lives of people living with HIV. Although benefits of providing adequate diet to HIV positive persons are well documented, the demand for key elements still remain unclear in particular settings, especially in low and middle-income countries. Methods: This was a cross sectional analysis of baseline data collected from HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy, and who were enrolled in a multivitamin supplementation trial. A food frequency questionnaire was used and intake were obtained as a product of quantities consumed. Adequacy was calculated as the proportion of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). A chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used at p-value 0.05 to show significant associations. Results: Mean intakes were above minimum requirements for analyzed micronutrients with the exception of Calcium and Iron. Participants who met RDA intakes were as follows: highest (≥ 80%) for Magnesium, Selenium, Zinc and Vitamins B2, B6, B9, C and E; moderate (50% to <80%) for Vitamins B3, and A; and lowest (≤50%) for Iron (30%), Calcium (14.9%), Vitamins B12 and B1. Gender differences in met RDA were observed for Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamins A, B1, B3 and E. In multivariable analyses, nutritional status and CD4 count had no influence on meeting RDA for majority of micronutrients such as magnesium, Selenium, B class vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12), vitamin (A, C, and E), Zinc and Calcium, but not including iron. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Diets consumed by the study participants were low in most protective nutrients (Iron, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamin A, B1, B3, and B12). This deficiency was more common among females than males, and irrespective of BMI or CD 4 count. Findings warrant further investigation on the impact and cost implications for suplementation interventions that target the elements lacking in the diets of people living with HIV in similar low-resourced settings.en_US
dc.identifier.citationIsabirye, N., Ezeamama, A. E., Kyeyune-Bakyayita, R., Bagenda, D., Fawzi, W. W., & Guwatudde, D. (2020). Dietary micronutrients and gender, body mass index and viral suppression among HIV-infected patients in Kampala, Uganda. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS, 9(3), 337. DOI: 10.21106/ijma.362en_US
dc.identifier.other10.21106/ijma.362
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/2069
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherInternational Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDSen_US
dc.subjectRecommended Dietary Allowancesen_US
dc.subjectMicronutrientsen_US
dc.subjectDietary intakesen_US
dc.subjectBody Mass Indexen_US
dc.subjectCD4 cell counten_US
dc.subjectHIV/AIDSen_US
dc.subjectUgandaen_US
dc.titleDietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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