Characterising Childhood Blackwater Fever and Its Clinical Care at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Eastern Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorPaasi, George
dc.contributor.authorNdila, Carolyne
dc.contributor.authorOkiror, William
dc.contributor.authorNamayanja, Cate
dc.contributor.authorOkalebo, Benard Phelan
dc.contributor.authorAbongo, Grace
dc.contributor.authorAlaroker, Florence
dc.contributor.authorAbeso, Julian
dc.contributor.authorKasoro, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorOkello, Francis
dc.contributor.authorOlupot, Peter Olupot
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-25T16:07:30Z
dc.date.available2022-01-25T16:07:30Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractIn eastern Uganda, reports suggest that cases of Blackwater Fever (BWF) are on the rise. We summarise the base-line characteristics and routine care available to patients with BWF presenting at two tertiary hospitals in Eastern Uganda prior to the Phase I/II trial on use of paracetamol for acute kidney injury in children with BWF (PARIST; ISRCTN84974248). This was a retrospective descriptive study for the period January – December 2018 for children admitted with a clinical diagnosis of BWF at Mbale and Soroti Regional Referral Hospitals in Eastern Uganda. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, routine in-patient care and outcomes were abstracted using a customised study proforma and analysed using STATA. We obtained 9578 admission records during the study period, of which 1241 (13.0%) were admitted with a diagnosis of BWF. The median age was 60 months (IQR 36–90). Male: female ratio was 1.5:1. More cases of BWF 682/1241 (55.0%) were in children > 5 years compared to 559/1241 (45.0%) ≤ 5 years [95%CI (0.41–0.59); P = 0.0002]. The common symptoms included fever 1109/1241 (89.4%), vomiting 599/1241 (48.3%) and abdominal pain 494/1241 (39.8%). Conversely, the common signs recorded were clinical pallor 742/1241 (59.8%), clinical jaundice 369/1241 (29.7%), fever 332/1241 (26.7%) and prostration 231/1241 (18.6%). In addition, abdominal tenderness was documented in 120/1241 (9.7%), splenomegaly in 122/1241 (9.8%) and hepatomegaly in 86/1241 (6.9%). Case records with BWF were more in the second half of the year with a peak in the months of July and September. 510/1241 (41.1%) were treated with antimalarial drugs mainly parenteral Artesunate 501/510 (98.2%). 660/1241(53.2%) of the patients were managed with antibiotics mainly parenteral ceftriaxone 616/660 (93.3%). There were 426/1241 (34.3%) patients who received blood transfusion during admission. Clinicians used steroid treatment in 388/1241 (31.3%), mainly parenteral hydrocortisone 370/388 (95.4%).BWF accounted for 13% paediatric hospital admissions in the region. It was predominant in children > 5 years of age. It typically presents with passing dark urine, fever, abdominal pain, clinical jaundice and pallor. Locally there are no treatment guidelines for BWF. These data provide background data useful for future studies on BWF in the region.en_US
dc.identifier.citationPaasi, G., Ndila, C., Okiror, W., Namayanja, C., Okalebo, B. P., Abongo, G., ... & Olupot-Olupot, P. (2021). Characterising Childhood Blackwater Fever and Its Clinical Care at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Eastern Uganda.https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-545832/v1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/1553
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherResearch Squareen_US
dc.subjectBlackwater fever, clinical characteristics, routine care, Eastern Ugandaen_US
dc.titleCharacterising Childhood Blackwater Fever and Its Clinical Care at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Eastern Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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