Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of diabetes research
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common finding in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical
evidence of DN. Early detection of microalbuminuria is very important; it allows timely interventions to prevent progression to
macroalbuminuria and later end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objectives. To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in
diabetic patients and establish its association with traditional serum renal markers in assessment of incipient nephropathy.
Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 140 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the diabetic clinic of
Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Questionnaires were used to obtain participant data after obtaining written informed
consent. Data collected included: age, sex, level of education, history of smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, body
mass index, family history, and duration of DM. Morning spot urine samples were collected from each participant and blood
drawn for analysis of other renal markers. Urine microalbumin was determined quantitatively using immunoturbidity assay
(Microalbumin kit, Mindray). Serum creatinine and uric acid and glucose levels were determined by spectrophotometric
methods. Results. The overall prevalence of microalbuminuria was 22.9%. Using a simple and multiple linear regression model,
serum creatinine (β = 0:010, 95% CI (0.005, 0.014), P = 0:0001) and glucose (β = 0:030, 95% CI (0.011, 0.048), P = 0:0017) levels
were significantly associated with microalbuminuria. After adjusting for linearity, family history of DM was the only predictor
of microalbuminuria (β = 0:275, 95% CI (0.043, 0.508), P = 0:002). Although microalbuminuria was weakly associated with
eGFR (OR = 1:2, 95% CI (0.24, 5.96)), the relationship was not statistically significant (P = 0:824). Conclusion. The prevalence of
microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes in this study was high. The study suggests the need to screen for microalbuminuria
early to reduce the possible burden of ESRD. When serum creatinine is used as a renal function marker among diabetic patients,
it should be combined with microalbuminuria for better assessment of incipient nephropathy
Description
Keywords
Microalbuminuria, Traditional Serum Biomarkers, Nephropathy, Diabetic Patients, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Citation
Kiconco, R., Rugera, S. P., & Kiwanuka, G. N. (2019). Microalbuminuria and traditional serum biomarkers of nephropathy among diabetic patients at Mbarara regional referral Hospital in south western Uganda. Journal of diabetes research, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3534260