Evidence of temporal stability in allelic and mitochondrial haplotype diversity in populations of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in northern Uganda
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Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Parasites & Vectors
Abstract
Glossina fuscipes fuscipes is a tsetse species of high economic importance in Uganda where it is
responsible for transmitting animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and both the chronic and acute forms of human
African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We used genotype data from 17 microsatellites and a mitochondrial DNA marker to
assess temporal changes in gene frequency for samples collected between the periods ranging from 2008 to 2014
in nine localities spanning regions known to harbor the two forms of HAT in northern Uganda.
Results: Our findings suggest that the majority of the studied populations in both HAT foci are genetically stable
across the time span sampled. Pairwise estimates of differentiation using standardized FST and Jost’s DEST between
time points sampled for each site were generally low and ranged between 0.0019 and 0.1312 for both sets of
indices. We observed the highest values of FST and DEST between time points sampled from Kitgum (KT), Karuma
(KR), Moyo (MY) and Pader (PD), and the possible reasons for this are discussed. Effective population size (Ne)
estimates using Waple’s temporal method ranged from 103 (95 % CI: 73–138) in Kitgum to 962 (95 % CI: 669–1309)
in Oculoi (OC). Additionally, evidence of a bottleneck event was detected in only one population at one time point
sampled; Aminakwach (AM-27) from December 2014 (P < 0.03889).
Conclusion: Findings suggest general temporal stability of tsetse vectors in foci of both forms of HAT in northern
Uganda. Genetic stability and the moderate effective population sizes imply that a re-emergence of vectors from
local residual populations missed by control efforts is an important risk. This underscores the need for more
sensitive sampling and monitoring to detect residual populations following control activities.
Description
Keywords
Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Tsetse, Temporal stability, Northern Uganda, Trypanosomiasis, Disease foci, Vector, Effective population size, Bottleneck
Citation
Opiro, R., Saarman, NP, Echodu, R., Opiyo, EA, Dion, K., Halyard, A., ... & Caccone, A. (2016). Evidence of temporal stability in allelic and mitochondrial haplotype diversity in populations of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in northern Uganda. Parasites & Vectors, 9 (1), 1-12. DOI 10.1186/s13071-016-1522-5