Population-based Study of Fertility in Women with HIV-1 Infection in Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorGray, Ronald H.
dc.contributor.authorSerwadda, David
dc.contributor.authorSewankambo, Nelson
dc.contributor.authorLi, Chuanjun
dc.contributor.authorWabwire-Mangen, Frederick
dc.contributor.authorKiwanuka, Noah
dc.contributor.authorKigozi, Godfrey
dc.contributor.authorKonde-Lule, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorMcNairn, Denise
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-17T16:13:18Z
dc.date.available2023-04-17T16:13:18Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.description.abstractTo assess the effects of HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections on pregnancy, we undertook cross-sectional and prospective studies of a rural population in Rakai district, Uganda. 4813 sexually active women aged 15–49 years were surveyed to find out the prevalence of pregnancy by interview and selective urinary human chorionic gonadotropin tests. The incidence of recognised conception and frequency of pregnancy loss were assessed by follow-up. Samples were taken to test for HIV-1 infection, syphilis, and other sexually transmitted diseases. At time of survey, 757 (21·4%) of 3544 women without HIV-1 infection or syphilis were pregnant, compared with 46 (14·6%) of 316 HIV-1-negative women with active syphilis, 117 (14·2%) of 823 HIV-1-positive women with no concurrent syphilis, and 11 (8·5%) of 130 women with both syphilis and HIV-1 infection. The multivariate adjusted odds ratio of pregnancy in HIV-1-infected women was 0·45 (95% Cl 0·35–0·57); the odds of pregnancy were low both in HIV-1-infected women without symptoms (0·49 [0·39–0·62]) and in women with symptoms of HIV-1-associated disease (0·23 [0·11–0·48]). In women with concurrent HIV-1 infection and syphilis the odds ratio was 0·28 (0·14–0·55). The incidence rate of recognised pregnancy during the prospective follow-up study was lower in HIV-1-positive than in HIV-1-negative women (23·5 vs 30·1 per 100 woman-years; adjusted risk ratio 0·73 [0·57–0·93]). Rates of pregnancy loss were higher among HIV-1-infected than uninfected women (18·5 vs 12·2%; odds ratio 1·50 [1·01–2·27]). The prevalence of HIV-1 infection was significantly lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant women (13·9 vs 21·3%). Pregnancy prevalence is greatly reduced in HIV-1-infected women, owing to lower rates of conception and increased rates of pregnancy loss. HIV-1 surveillance confined to pregnant women underestimates the magnitude of the HIV-1 epidemic in the general population.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGray, R. H., Wawer, M. J., Serwadda, D., Sewankambo, N., Li, C., Wabwire-Mangen, F., ... & McNairn, D. (1998). Population-based study of fertility in women with HIV-1 infection in Uganda. The lancet, 351(9096), 98-103.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)09381-1en_US
dc.identifier.issn0140-6736
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/8483
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe lanceten_US
dc.subjectHIV-1 infectionen_US
dc.subjectWomenen_US
dc.subjectFertilityen_US
dc.titlePopulation-based Study of Fertility in Women with HIV-1 Infection in Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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