Estimation of Ascaris lumbricoides egg inactivation by free ammonia treatment of ash-amended UDDT vault products using stored urine in Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorTrimmer, John T.
dc.contributor.authorNakyanjo, Neema
dc.contributor.authorSsekubugu, Robert
dc.contributor.authorSklar, Marc
dc.contributor.authorMihelcic, James R.
dc.contributor.authorErgas, Sarina J.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-09T15:04:43Z
dc.date.available2022-03-09T15:04:43Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractUrine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) are designed to recover nutrients and organic matter from human excreta for use as agricultural amendments, and have been promoted in many developing countries, including Uganda. Wider UDDT implementation could help address problems in areas where water scarcity limits sanitation coverage and/or declining soil fertility jeopardizes growing populations’ nutritional security. However, concerns have been raised regarding the safety of recovered UDDT vault products, which may contain persistent pathogens such as Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. A. lumbricoides eggs can be inactivated through elevation of free ammonia levels. This study assessed the feasibility of a secondary ammonia treatment strategy for UDDT ash-amended vault products using urine. Treatment parameters were measured in mixtures of urine, ash-amended vault products, and wood ash, a model was developed to account for temperature fluctuations, and A. lumbricoides egg inactivation times were estimated using a previously published model. A mixture containing two parts urine and one part ash-amended vault products was estimated to provide 2-log10 inactivation after 3 months of indoor storage (daily mean temperatures: 22.8±0.3 WC) or 2 months of outdoor storage (25.9±1.3 WC). This strategy could improve the safety of recovered products for agricultural use to improve the nutritional security of vulnerable populations.en_US
dc.identifier.citationTrimmer, J. T., Nakyanjo, N., Ssekubugu, R., Sklar, M., Mihelcic, J. R., & Ergas, S. J. (2016). Estimation of Ascaris lumbricoides egg inactivation by free ammonia treatment of ash-amended UDDT vault products using stored urine in Uganda. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 6(2), 259-268. doi: 10.2166/washdev.2016.111en_US
dc.identifier.other10.2166/washdev.2016.111
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/2600
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Developmenten_US
dc.subjectEcological sanitationen_US
dc.subjectHelminthen_US
dc.subjectResource recoveryen_US
dc.subjectSanitationen_US
dc.subjectSub-Saharan Africaen_US
dc.subjectUrine-diverting dry toileten_US
dc.titleEstimation of Ascaris lumbricoides egg inactivation by free ammonia treatment of ash-amended UDDT vault products using stored urine in Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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