Infection Prevention and Control Preparedness Level and Associated Determinants in 56 Acute Healthcare Facilities in Ghana
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Infection and drug resistance
Abstract
Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a globally relevant aspect of all
health systems impacting the health and safety of both patients and healthcare workers.
However, best practices remain a challenge in healthcare delivery especially in resource
limited situations. The primary objective of this study was to assess the infection prevention
and control (IPC) preparedness levels of acute healthcare facilities in Ghana and to determine
the factors associated with the overall IPC preparedness levels in acute healthcare facilities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study adapting the IPC assessment framework (IPCAF) developed
by the World Health Organization (WHO) was conducted. Five of the core components
of the WHO IPCAF were used to assess the IPC level of 56 acute healthcare facilities in
Ghana.
Results: Of the 56 facilities surveyed, only 19 had an IPC program with clearly defined
objectives. Overall, 8 (14.3%) facilities scored an IPC preparedness level of “Advance”, 18
(32.1%) facilities received an “Intermediate” IPC preparedness score, 23 (41.1%) facilities
received an IPC preparedness level of “basic” and 7 (12.5%) facilities scored an IPC preparedness
level of “inadequate”. IPC materials like detergents, running water and PPEs were not
significantly supplied. Government owned facilities performed better in terms of IPC preparedness
as compared to privately owned facilities. A PLUM-ordinal regression analysis revealed
that an IPC program with clearly defined objectives (OR= 76; 95% CI; 7.23, 808.19), dedicated
IPC budget (OR= 13; 95% CI; 3.8–44.3) and regular mandatory training (OR= 50.9; 95% CI;
6.1–425) were associated with increased IPC preparedness.
Conclusion: Generally, the IPC preparedness levels in a majority of the facilities were low
and required significant improvements in several areas. Facilities must make periodic
reviews and adjust their objectives based on facility priorities.
Description
Keywords
Infection prevention and control, Infection prevention preparedness, Assessing infection prevention and control programs, Infection prevention and control policy
Citation
Timothy Bonney Oppong, Cecilia Amponsem-Boateng, Emmanuel Kumi Duodu Kyere, Ying Wang, Zohreh Gheisari, Eunice Ekua Oppong, Godfrey Opolot, Guangcai Duan & Haiyan Yang (2020) Infection Prevention and Control Preparedness Level and Associated Determinants in 56 Acute Healthcare Facilities in Ghana, Infection and Drug Resistance, , 4263-4271, DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S273851