The Impact of Maternal Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Short-Course Combination Antiretrovirals for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission on Early Infant Infection Rates at the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda, January 2007 to May 2009

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dc.contributor.authorNamukwaya, Zikulah
dc.contributor.authorMudiope, Peter
dc.contributor.authorMusoke, Philippa
dc.contributor.authorMatovu, Joyce
dc.contributor.authorKayma, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorSalmond, William
dc.contributor.authorBitarakwate, Edward
dc.contributor.authorMubiru, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMaganda, Albert
dc.contributor.authorGalla, Moses
dc.contributor.authorByamugisha, Josaphat
dc.contributor.authorFowler, Mary Glenn
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-26T20:45:30Z
dc.date.available2023-06-26T20:45:30Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractEarly HIV infant diagnosis and treatment have been shown to dramatically improve survival in infants. Despite these findings, infants accessing HIV diagnosis and treatment remain low in Uganda. We describe the antiretroviral (ARV) drugs given in the Mulago Hospital prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program from January 2007 to May 2009 and its impact on early infant HIV infection rates. Methods: Pregnant women identified as HIV infected in the Mulago antenatal clinics received one of the following regimens: short-course ARV prophylaxis plus single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) in labor, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), or sdNVP if they presented in labor. Infants received sdNVP and zidovudine (ZDV) for 1 week. Infants HIV diagnosis was done from 6 weeks after delivery. Results: 62.3% of HIV-infected women received combination ARVs, including HAART. Early infection rates were highest among infants with no maternal ARV [36.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 17.2 to 59.3] or only sdNVP (11.2; 95% CI: 8.1 to 14.8). Similar rates were observed for the group that took short-course ARVs, ZDV/sdNVP (4.6; 95% CI: 3.2 to 6.4), and ZDV/lamivudine/sdNVP (4.9; 95% CI: 3.1 to 7.2) and lowest rates for those that took HAART (1.7: 95% CI: 0.8 to 2.8). Overall infection rate was 5.0% (95% CI: 4.1 to 5.9). Conclusions: Findings indicate low rates of infant infection for mothers receiving combination ARVs. These findings demonstrate that provision of combination ARV for PMTCT is feasible and effective in busy referral hospital’s PMTCT programs in resource- limited settingsen_US
dc.identifier.citationCiter Namukwaya, Z., Mudiope, P., Kekitiinwa, A., Musoke, P., Matovu, J., Kayma, S., ... & Fowler, M. G. (2011). The impact of maternal highly active antiretroviral therapy and short-course combination antiretrovirals for prevention of mother-to-child transmission on early infant infection rates at the Mulago national referral hospital in Kampala, Uganda, January 2007 to May 2009. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 56(1), 69-75.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2011/01010/The_Impact_of_Maternal_Highly_Active.11.aspx
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/8997
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromesen_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectPMTCTen_US
dc.subjectAntiretroviral therapyen_US
dc.subjectInfant infection ratehen_US
dc.titleThe Impact of Maternal Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Short-Course Combination Antiretrovirals for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission on Early Infant Infection Rates at the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda, January 2007 to May 2009en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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