Analysis of Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance in Ugandan Infants Who Were HIV Infected Despite Receiving Single-Dose (SD) NVP versus SD NVP Plus Daily NVP Up to 6 Weeks of Age to Prevent HIV Vertical Transmission

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dc.contributor.authorChurch, Jessica D.
dc.contributor.authorOmer, Saad B.
dc.contributor.authorGuay, Laura A.
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Wei
dc.contributor.authorLidstrom, Jessica
dc.contributor.authorMusoke, Philippa
dc.contributor.authorMmiro, Francis
dc.contributor.authorJackson, J. Brooks
dc.contributor.authorEshleman, Susan H.
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-15T09:34:51Z
dc.date.available2021-12-15T09:34:51Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractBackground. Single-dose nevirapine (SD NVP) at birth plus NVP prophylaxis for the infant up to 6 weeks of age is superior to SD NVPalone for prevention of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through breastfeeding. We analyzed NVP resistance in HIV-infected Ugandan infants who received either SD NVP or extended NVP prophylaxis. Methods. We tested plasma HIV by using a genotyping assay (ViroSeq; Celera Diagnostics), a phenotypic resistance assay (PhenoSense; Monogram Biosciences), and sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp, for K103N, Y181C, and G190A). Results. When infants were 6 weeks old, ViroSeq detected NVP resistance in a higher proportion of infants in the extended NVP arm than in the SD NVP arm (21 of 25 [84%] vs. 12 of 24 [50%]; P = .01). Similar results were obtained with LigAmp and PhenoSense. In both study arms, infants who were HIV infected at birth frequently had NVP resistance detected. In contrast, infants in the extended NVP arm who were HIV infected after birth were more likely to have resistance detected at 6 weeks, compared with infants in the SD NVP arm. The use of extended NVP prophylaxis was also associated with detection of NVP resistance by ViroSeq at 6 months (7 of 7 [100%] infants in the extended NVP arm had resistance detected, compared with 1 of 6 [16.7%] infants in the SD NVP arm; P = .005). Conclusions. The use of extended NVP prophylaxis was associated with increased selection for and persistence of NVP resistance in HIV-infected Ugandan infants.en_US
dc.identifier.citationChurch, J. D., Omer, S. B., Guay, L. A., Huang, W., Lidstrom, J., Musoke, P., ... & Eshleman, S. H. (2008). Analysis of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan infants who were HIV infected despite receiving single-dose (SD) NVP versus SD NVP plus daily NVP up to 6 weeks of age to prevent HIV vertical transmission. The Journal of infectious diseases, 198(7), 1075-1082.DOI: 10.1086/591503en_US
dc.identifier.other10.1086/591503
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/559
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe Journal of infectious diseaseen_US
dc.subjectNevirapine (NVP)en_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectInfantsen_US
dc.subjectSingle-Doseen_US
dc.subjectVertical Transmissionen_US
dc.titleAnalysis of Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance in Ugandan Infants Who Were HIV Infected Despite Receiving Single-Dose (SD) NVP versus SD NVP Plus Daily NVP Up to 6 Weeks of Age to Prevent HIV Vertical Transmissionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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