Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies Are Efficacious and Safe for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children

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dc.contributor.authorKakuru, Abel
dc.contributor.authorAchan, Jane
dc.contributor.authorMuhindo, Mary K.
dc.contributor.authorIkilezi, Gloria
dc.contributor.authorArinaitwe, Emmanuel
dc.contributor.authorMwangwa, Florence
dc.contributor.authorRuel, Theodore
dc.contributor.authorClark, Tamara D.
dc.contributor.authorCharlebois, Edwin
dc.contributor.authorKamya, Moses R.
dc.contributor.authorTappero, Jordan W.
dc.contributor.authorDorsey, Grant
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-23T20:29:19Z
dc.date.available2022-08-23T20:29:19Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractArtemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are highly efficacious and safe, but data from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected children concurrently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and ACTs are limited. We evaluated 28-day outcomes following malaria treatment with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) in 2 cohorts of HIV-infected Ugandan children taking various ART regimens. In one cohort, children <6 years of age were randomized to lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–based ART and treated with AL for uncomplicated malaria. In another cohort, children <12 months of age were started on nevirapine-based ART if they were eligible, and randomized to AL or DP for the treatment of their first and all subsequent uncomplicated malaria episodes. There were 773 and 165 treatments for malaria with AL and DP, respectively. Initial response to therapy was excellent, with 99% clearance of parasites and <1% risk of repeat therapy within 3 days. Recurrent parasitemia within 28 days was common following AL treatment. The risk of recurrent parasitemia was significantly lower among children taking LPV/r-based ART compared with children taking nevirapine-based ART following AL treatment (15.3% vs 35.5%, P = .009), and those treated with DP compared with AL (8.6% vs 36.2%, P < .001). Both ACT regimens were safe and well tolerated. Treatment of uncomplicated malaria with AL or DP was efficacious and safe in HIV-infected children taking ART. However, there was a high risk of recurrent parasitemia following AL treatment, which was significantly lower in children taking LPV/r-based ART compared with nevirapine-based ART.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKakuru, A., Achan, J., Muhindo, M. K., Ikilezi, G., Arinaitwe, E., Mwangwa, F., ... & Dorsey, G. (2014). Artemisinin-based combination therapies are efficacious and safe for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in HIV-infected Ugandan children. Clinical infectious diseases, 59(3), 446-453.https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu286en_US
dc.identifier.issn1537-6591
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/4396
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherClinical infectious diseasesen_US
dc.subjectACTs, malaria, HIV, children, ARTen_US
dc.titleArtemisinin-Based Combination Therapies Are Efficacious and Safe for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in HIV-Infected Ugandan Childrenen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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