Rat Fall Surveillance Coupled with Vector Control and Community Education as a Plague Prevention Strategy in the West Nile Region, Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorBoegler, Karen A.
dc.contributor.authorAtiku, Linda A.
dc.contributor.authorEnscore, Russell E.
dc.contributor.authorApangu, Titus
dc.contributor.authorTendo Mpanga, Joseph,
dc.contributor.authorAcayo, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorKaggwa, John
dc.contributor.authorMead, Paul S.
dc.contributor.authorYockey, Brook M.
dc.contributor.authorKugeler, Kiersten J.
dc.contributor.authorSchriefer, Martin E.
dc.contributor.authorHoriuchi, Kalanthe
dc.contributor.authorGage, Kenneth L.
dc.contributor.authorEisen, Rebecca J.
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-11T11:39:06Z
dc.date.available2021-12-11T11:39:06Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractPlague, primarily a disease of rodents, is most frequently transmitted by fleas and causes potentially fatal infections in humans. In Uganda, plague is endemic to the West Nile region. Primary prevention for plague includes control of rodent hosts or flea vectors, but targeting these efforts is difficult given the sporadic nature of plague epizootics in the region and limited resource availability. Here, we present a community-based strategy to detect and report rodent deaths (rat fall), an early sign of epizootics. Laboratory testing of rodent carcasses is used to trigger primary and secondary prevention measures: indoor residual spraying (IRS) and community-based plague education, respectively. During the first 3 years of the program, individuals from 142 villages reported 580 small mammal deaths; 24 of these tested presumptive positive for Yersinia pestis by fluorescence microscopy. In response, for each of the 17 affected communities, village-wide IRS was conducted to control rodent-associated fleas within homes, and community sensitization was conducted to raise awareness of plague signs and prevention strategies. No additional presumptive Y. pestis-positive carcasses were detected in these villages within the 2-month expected duration of residual activity for the insecticide used in IRS. Despite comparatively high historic case counts, no human plague cases were reported from villages participating in the surveillance program; five cases were reported from elsewhere in the districts. Weevaluate community participation and timeliness of response, report the frequency of human plague cases in participating and surrounding villages, and evaluate whether a program such as this could provide a sustainable model for plague prevention in endemic areas.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBoegler, K. A., Atiku, L. A., Enscore, R. E., Apangu, T., Mpanga, J. T., Acayo, S., ... & Eisen, R. J. (2018). Rat fall surveillance coupled with vector control and community education as a plague prevention strategy in the West Nile Region, Uganda. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 98(1), 238.doi:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0502en_US
dc.identifier.other10.4269/ajtmh.17-0502
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/312
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygieneen_US
dc.subjectRaten_US
dc.subjectVector Controlen_US
dc.subjectCommunity Educationen_US
dc.subjectPlagueen_US
dc.subjectWest Nile Regionen_US
dc.titleRat Fall Surveillance Coupled with Vector Control and Community Education as a Plague Prevention Strategy in the West Nile Region, Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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