Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Trypanosoma brucei in Uganda: Implications for the Epidemiology of Sleeping Sickness and Nagana

dc.contributor.authorEchodu, Richard
dc.contributor.authorSistrom, Mark
dc.contributor.authorBateta, Rosemary
dc.contributor.authorMurilla, Grace
dc.contributor.authorOkedi, Loyce
dc.contributor.authorAksoy, Serap
dc.contributor.authorEnyioha, Chineme
dc.contributor.authorEnyaru, John
dc.contributor.authorOpiyo, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorGibson, Wendy
dc.contributor.authorCaccone, Adalgisa
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-17T11:14:41Z
dc.date.available2022-11-17T11:14:41Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractWhile Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is in decline on the continent of Africa, the disease still remains a major health problem in Uganda. There are recurrent sporadic outbreaks in the traditionally endemic areas in south-east Uganda, and continued spread to new unaffected areas in central Uganda. We evaluated the evolutionary dynamics underpinning the origin of new foci and the impact of host species on parasite genetic diversity in Uganda. We genotyped 269 Trypanosoma brucei isolates collected from different regions in Uganda and southwestern Kenya at 17 microsatellite loci, and checked for the presence of the SRA gene that confers human infectivity to T. b. rhodesiense. Results Both Bayesian clustering methods and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components partition Trypanosoma brucei isolates obtained from Uganda and southwestern Kenya into three distinct genetic clusters. Clusters 1 and 3 include isolates from central and southern Uganda, while cluster 2 contains mostly isolates from southwestern Kenya. These three clusters are not sorted by subspecies designation (T. b. brucei vs T. b. rhodesiense), host or date of collection. The analyses also show evidence of genetic admixture among the three genetic clusters and long-range dispersal, suggesting recent and possibly on-going gene flow between them. Conclusions Our results show that the expansion of the disease to the new foci in central Uganda occurred from the northward spread of T. b. rhodesiense (Tbr). They also confirm the emergence of the human infective strains (Tbr) from non-infective T. b. brucei (Tbb) strains of different genetic backgrounds, and the importance of cattle as Tbr reservoir, as confounders that shape the epidemiology of sleeping sickness in the region.en_US
dc.identifier.citationEchodu R, Sistrom M, Bateta R, Murilla G, Okedi L, Aksoy S, et al. (2015) Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Trypanosoma brucei in Uganda: Implications for the Epidemiology of Sleeping Sickness and Nagana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9(2): e0003353. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003353en_US
dc.identifier.other10.1371/journal.pntd.0003353
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/5322
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPLoS neglected tropical diseasesen_US
dc.subjectGenetic Diversityen_US
dc.subjectPopulation Structureen_US
dc.subjectTrypanosoma bruceien_US
dc.subjectUgandaen_US
dc.subjectEpidemiologyen_US
dc.subjectSleeping Sicknessen_US
dc.subjectNaganaen_US
dc.titleGenetic Diversity and Population Structure of Trypanosoma brucei in Uganda: Implications for the Epidemiology of Sleeping Sickness and Naganaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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