National Antimicrobial Consumption: Analysis of Central Warehouses Supplies to In-Patient Care Health Facilities from 2017 to 2019 in Uganda
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tropical Medicine & Infection Disease
Abstract
Antimicrobial consumption (AMC) surveillance at global and national levels is necessary
to inform relevant interventions and policies. This study analyzed central warehouse antimicrobial
supplies to health facilities providing inpatient care in Uganda. We collected data on antimicrobials
supplied by National Medical Stores (NMS) and Joint Medical Stores (JMS) to 442 health facilities
from 2017 to 2019. Data were analyzed using the World Health Organization methodology for AMC
surveillance. Total quantity of antimicrobials in defined daily dose (DDD) were determined, classified
into Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) and AMC density was calculated. There was an increase in
total DDDs distributed by NMS in 2019 by 4,166,572 DDD. In 2019, Amoxicillin (27%), Cotrimoxazole
(20%), and Metronidazole (12%) were the most supplied antimicrobials by NMS while Doxycycline
(10%), Amoxicillin (19%), and Metronidazole (10%) were the most supplied by JMS. The majority of
antimicrobials supplied by NMS (81%) and JMS (66%) were from the Access category. Increasing
antimicrobial consumption density (DDD per 100 patient days) was observed from national referral
to lower-level health facilities. Except for NMS in 2019, total antimicrobials supplied by NMS and
JMS remained the same from 2017 to 2019. This serves as a baseline for future assessments and
monitoring of stewardship interventions.
Description
Keywords
Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial consumption, Antimicrobial stewardship, Uganda, Health facilities, Antimicrobials, Defined daily doses, Operational research, SORT-IT
Citation
Namugambe, J.S.; Delamou, A.; Moses, F.; Ali, E.; Hermans, V.; Takarinda, K.; Thekkur, P.; Nanyonga, S.M.; Koroma, Z.; Mwoga, J.N.; et al. National Antimicrobial Consumption: Analysis of Central Warehouses Supplies to In-Patient Care Health Facilities from 2017 to 2019 in Uganda. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2021, 6, 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/ tropicalmed6020083