Spectroscopic Analysis of Selected Priority Trace Metals in the Extant East African Gilled Lungfish (Protopterus amphibius) in Lira Municipal Lagoon and Its Edibility Health Risk
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
Abstract
This investigation analyzed the concentrations of three trace metals in gilled lungfish of Lira Municipal lagoon of
Lira District and estimated the health risk associated with its consumption. Three fresh lungfish samples from the down, middle
and up sluices of the lagoon were caught, eviscerated, washed and sundried. Edible muscles of the samples were oven dried at
105°C, desiccated and pulverized. 2.0 ± 0.1g of the fine fish powders were ashed at 550°C, acid digested, and the filtrates used to
prepare 1 litre sample solutions. The sample solutions were analyzed for Lead, Zinc and Cadmium by Atomic absorption
spectrometry. Spectroscopic results showed that no Cadmium was detected while the statistical mean concentrations of Zinc and
Lead in the fishes from down, middle and up streams in mg/kg were 157.8 ± 0.01, 160.2 ± 0.02, 158.2 ± 0.01 and 6.84 ± 0.01,
1.69 ± 0.03, 5.12 ± 0.01 respectively. The above results showed that the trace metals in the investigated fish samples are
deleteriously above the maximum permissible Zinc (0.7mg/kg) and Lead (0.3mg/kg) levels in fish indicated by CODEX STAN
193-1995. The statistical Estimated Daily Intakes were from 26.27 to 26.66 mg/kg/day for Zinc and 0.28 to 1.48 mg/kg/day for
Lead. A heightened Health Risk Index value of 88.67 for Zinc was observed in the middle stream lungfish samples while Lead
had the lowest Health Risk Index value of 2.00 in the middle stream fish from the lagoon. All the Health Risk Index values were
greater than unity except for Chromium that was undetected in the fish muscles thus the lungfish of the lagoon is unsafe for
human consumption and continuous consumption will impact human health. The immediate strategy lies in fencing the lagoon
area and putting a stringent restriction against fishing from the lagoon.
Description
Keywords
Cadmium, Estimated Daily Intake, Lead, Health Risk Index, Target Hazard Quotient, Zinc
Citation
Timothy Omara, Remish Ogwang, Sarah Ndyamuhaki, Sarah Kagoya, Erisa Kigenyi, Bashir Musau, Eddie Adupa. Spectroscopic Analysis of Selected Priority Trace Metals in the Extant East African Gilled Lungfish (Protopterus amphibius) in Lira Municipal Lagoon and Its Edibility Health Risk. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry. Vol. 6, No. 5, 2018, pp. 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20180605.11