Geometric Morphometrics of Geographic and Host-Associated Population Variations of Bactrocera Invadens in Uganda
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Date
2014
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA
Abstract
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the most economically important pests of edible fruits worldwide. Because of the cryptic nature of most species in Bactrocera complex, it is not clear whether allopatric and host associated speciation has taken course among B. invadens populations in the different zones in Uganda. This would be important in the design of efficient
management strategies. The morphological variation of 3 allopatric and host-associated populations of B. invadens was studied using Euclidean distance matrix analysis and variance structure coordinate system geometric morphometrics techniques. Size and shape were analyzed throughout 15 landmarks for 360 specimens after symmetrization process. Host type significantly
affected wing size and shape (P = 0.0001), with CVA showing host population discrimination with very high degree of population classification (95.03%) accuracy. Mango wings were significantly smaller than tropical almond, but the former did not significantly differ with guava. Similarly, mean wing size and shape among the three zones differed significantly (P = 0.000). B. invadens from
the WMHF had relatively bigger wings, while the NMF recorded the smallest wings. CVA discriminant functions showed a very high degree of zonal population classification (95.48%) accuracy. LVC population wing shape was significantly different from NMF (P = 0.000) and WMHF (P = 0.000), while the latter two were also different (P = 0.000). There were significant differences in allometry and developmental instability fluctuating asymmetry among fruit hosts in the order: mango > guava > almonds. The results have added to the evidence that geographic and host-associated adaptation can produce reproductive isolation and produce ecotypes. The ability of B. invadens to undergo rapid ecological evolutionary radiations might affect the efficiency of common control methods, and our results should help to recast fruit fly management strategies.
Description
Keywords
Bactrocera invadens, ecotypes, fluctuating asymmetry, hosts, intra-specific variations, tephritid fruit flies
Citation
Isabirye, B. E., Masembe, C., Nankinga, C., Muyinza, H., & Akol, A. M. (2014). Geometric morphometrics of geographic and host-associated population variations of Bactrocera invadens in Uganda. In Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Fruit Flies of Economic Importance (ISFFEI) (Vol. 155).