Chemical tick control practices in southwestern and northwestern Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorVudriko, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorOkwee-Acai, James
dc.contributor.authorByaruhanga, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorTayebwaa, Dickson S.
dc.contributor.authorOkech, Samuel G.
dc.contributor.authorTweyongyere, Robert
dc.contributor.authorWampande, Eddie M.
dc.contributor.authorAdemun Okurut, Anna R.
dc.contributor.authorMugabi, Kenneth
dc.contributor.authorMuhindo, Jeanne B.
dc.contributor.authorNakavuma, Jesca L.
dc.contributor.authorUmemiya-Shirafuji, Rika
dc.contributor.authorXuan, Xuenan
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-13T11:42:50Z
dc.date.available2022-12-13T11:42:50Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractTick acaricide failure is one of the leading challenges to cattle production in Uganda. To gain an understanding into the possible drivers of acaricide failure, this study characterized the current chemical tick control practices in the southwestern (Mbarara, Mitooma and Rukungiri districts) and northwestern (Adjumani district) regions of Uganda. A total of 85 farms participated in a survey that utilized a semi-structured questionnaire. Moreover, ticks were collected to determine the most common species on the farms. Tick acaricide failure was mainly encountered in the districts where 95% (60/63) of the farms reared exotic cattle (dairy cross-breeds) under a paddocking (fenced) system. In the northwestern region, local cattle were reared in communal grazing areas. All farms used chemical acaricides for tick control, predominantly amidine (amitraz) (48%, 41/85) and co-formulated organophosphates and pyrethroids (38%, 32/85). The spraying method was the most common (91%, 77/85) acaricide application technique, with cattle crush (81%, 69/85) as a common means of physical restraint. Less than optimal tick control practices encountered included use of substandard equipment for spraying, inappropriate dilutions, frequent interaction between animals in neighboring farms despite lack of synchronized chemical tick control and malpractices in acaricide rotation. Only Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and R. (Boophilus) decoloratus ticks were found in the southwestern region, where 51% (32/63) of the farmers used high acaricide concentrations above the manufacturers’ recommendation. Farmers in the northwestern region used 2.2 times less acaricide volume per cattle than those in the southwestern region, and more diverse tick species were encountered. Toxic effects of acaricide to cattle and workers were reported by 13% (11/85) and 32% (27/85) of the respondents, respectively. All 27 cases of human acaricide toxicity reported were from the southwestern region. Overall, our findings may inform strategies for more prudent chemical tick control and safe acaricide handling to benefit animal welfare, food safety and public health.en_US
dc.identifier.citationVudriko, P., Okwee-Acai, J., Byaruhanga, J., Tayebwa, D. S., Okech, S. G., Tweyongyere, R., ... & Suzuki, H. (2018). Chemical tick control practices in southwestern and northwestern Uganda. Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 9(4), 945-955.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X17304375
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/6233
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherTicks and tick-borne diseasesen_US
dc.subjectAcaricide resistanceen_US
dc.subjectTick controlen_US
dc.subjectRhipicephalusen_US
dc.subject(Boophilus) decoloratusen_US
dc.titleChemical tick control practices in southwestern and northwestern Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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