Herd and shade characteristics associated with thermal stress management in cattle

Abstract

Cattle production in Sub-Saharan Africa faces a variety of stresses which negatively affect cattle welfare and productivity. This study examined herd and shade characteristics associated with thermal stress management in Uganda’s cattle corridor. A quantitative observational research design was adopted to study the phenomenon. Quantitative data were collected from 479 cattle–rearing households in the Lira, Soroti, and Kotido areas of the cattle corridor using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression. Findings indicated that exotic breeds, white-coloured-coat cattle, patched-coloured-coat cattle, and the absence of a roof were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with thermal stress management in cattle. Farmers with indigenous cattle did not manage thermal stress. Whereas roofed structures, large canopy trees planted in pastureland, cooling measures such as fans and misters, and access to water at will are recommended practices, they were significantly lacking in the cattle corridor. Based on the findings, agricultural extension agents should refocus their training to address thermal stress in cattle, thereby optimising production and reproduction. This study uniquely examines how breed type, coat colour, and shade-related infrastructure are associated with thermal stress management practices, filling an important knowledge gap in tropical livestock adaptation research.