Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda

dc.contributor.authorGray, Ronald H.
dc.contributor.authorWawer, Maria J.
dc.contributor.authorBrookmeyer, Ron
dc.contributor.authorSewankambo, Nelson K.
dc.contributor.authorSerwadda, David
dc.contributor.authorWabwire-Mangen, Fred
dc.contributor.authorLutalo, Tom
dc.contributor.authorLi, Xianbin
dc.contributor.authorvanCott, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorQuinn, Thomas C.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-11T06:33:22Z
dc.date.available2022-03-11T06:33:22Z
dc.date.issued2001
dc.description.abstractThe probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in representative African populations is unknown. We aimed to calculate this probability overall, and to estimate how it is affected by various factors thought to influence infectivity. Methods 174 monogamous couples, in which one partner was HIV-1 positive, were retrospectively identified from a population cohort in Rakai, Uganda. Frequency of intercourse and reliability of reporting within couples was assessed prospectively. HIV-1 seroconversion was determined in the uninfected partners, and HIV-1 viral load was measured in the infected partners. Adjusted rate ratios of transmission per coital act were estimated by Poisson regression. Probabilities of transmission per act were estimated by log-log binomial regression for quartiles of age and HIV-1 viral load, and for symptoms or diagnoses of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the HIV-1-infected partners. Results The mean frequency of intercourse was 8·9 per month, which declined with age and HIV-1 viral load. Members of couples reported similar frequencies of intercourse. The overall unadjusted probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act was 0·0011 (95% CI 0·0008–0·0015). Transmission probabilities increased from 0·0001 per act at viral loads of less than 1700 copies/mL to 0·0023 per act at 38 500 copies/mL or more (p=0·002), and were 0·0041 with genital ulceration versus 0·0011 without (p=0·02). Transmission probabilities per act did not differ significantly by HIV-1 subtypes A and D, sex, STDs, or symptoms of discharge or dysuria in the HIV-1-positive partner.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGray, R. H., Wawer, M. J., Brookmeyer, R., Sewankambo, N. K., Serwadda, D., Wabwire-Mangen, F., ... & Quinn, T. C. (2001). Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda. The Lancet, 357(9263), 1149-1153.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673600043312
dc.identifier.urihttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/2674
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe Lanceten_US
dc.subjectHIV-1 transmissionen_US
dc.subjectheterosexualen_US
dc.subjectHIV-1-discordanten_US
dc.titleProbability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Ugandaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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