Counting that counts: Estimating the number of People Who Inject Drugs in two urban centers in Uganda

Abstract

Population size estimates of People Who Inject Drugs (PWIDs) are needed to help policy makers understand the scope of the epidemic and allocate appropriate resources yet little is known about the size estimates of PWIDs in Uganda. We aimed to establish the number of people who inject drugs in Kampala Capital City and Mbale Municipality in Uganda. We integrated three population size estimation methods into a cross-sectional survey of PWIDs in two urban centers. These methods included enumeration, Wisdom of the Crowds and multiplier method. The mean of the three estimates was hypothesized to be the most plausible size estimate with the other results forming the upper and lower plausible bounds. Data were shared with community representatives and stakeholders to finalize ‘best’ point estimates and plausible bounds.We estimate there are approximately 550 PWIDs and 189 PWIDs in Kampala Capital City and Mbale Municipality respectively and plausibly 576-1,695 PWIDs living in these two urban centers.We employed multiple methods and used a wide range of data sources to estimate the size of PWIDs—a hidden population in Kampala Capital City and Mbale Municipality in Uganda. These estimates may be useful to advocate for and to plan, implement and evaluate HIV and Viral Hepatitis response for PWIDs.