Browsing by Author "Ziegel, Leo"

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    Construct validity and internal consistency of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening measure translated into two Ugandan languages
    (Psychiatry Research Communications, 2021) Miller, Amanda P.; Silva, Cristina Espinosa da; Ziegel, Leo; Stephen, Mugamba; Kyasanku, Emma; Bulamba, Robert M.; Wagman, Jennifer A.; Ekstromc, Anna Mia; Nalugoda, Fred; Kigozi, Grace; Nakigozi, Gertrude; Kagaayi, Joseph; Watya, Stephen; Kigozi, Godfrey
    In Uganda, depression is a major public health issue. Psychometric assessment of translated depression measures is critical to public health planning to ensure proper screening, surveillance, and treatment of depression and related outcomes. We examined aspects of the validity and reliability of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ- 9) translated into Luganda and Runyoro among Ugandan adolescents and adults. Data from the ongoing AMBSO Population Health Surveillance study were analyzed from the Wakiso and Hoima districts in Uganda. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the overall sample and stratified by translated language. Construct validity was assessed for each translated scale using confirmatory factor analysis for ordinal data. The internal consistency of each translated scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega total and omega hierarchical. Both the Luganda- and Runyoro-translated PHQ-9 had similar sample means (3.46 [SD ¼ 3.26] and 3.58 [SD ¼ 3.00], respectively), supported a single-factor structure, and demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.73 and 0.72, respectively). Our preliminary findings indicate that the Luganda and Runyoro translations of the PHQ-9 had satisfactory construct validity and internal consistency in our sample. Future studies should expand on this promising work by assessing additional psychometric characteristics of these translated measures in other communities in Uganda.
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    Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
    (BMJ Open, 2021) Awungafac, George; Mugamba, Stephen; Nalugoda, Fred; Sjöland, Carl Fredrik; Kigozi, Godfrey; Rautiainen, Susanne; Bulamba Malyabe, Robert; Ziegel, Leo; Nakigozi, Gertrude; Kigozi Nalwoga, Grace; Kyasanku, Emmanuel; Nkale, James; Watya, Stephen; Ekström, Anna Mia; Kågesten, Anna
    This study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV), and to assess the association with food insecurity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviors in Uganda in the year preceding COVID-19- associated lockdowns. Population-based, cross-sectional household survey. Urban, semi urban and rural communities of the Wakiso and Hoima districts in Uganda. Participants A total of N=2014 males aged 13–80 years participated in the survey. The current study included males who reported having ever been in a sexual union and responded to the IPV questions (N=1314).
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    Not Enough Money and Too Many Thoughts: Exploring Perceptions of Mental Health in Two Ugandan Districts Through the Mental Health Literacy Framework
    (Qualitative Health Research, 2021) Miller, Amanda P.; Ziegel, Leo; Mugamba, Stephen; Kyasanku, Emmanuel; Wagman, Jennifer A.; Nkwanzi-Lubega, Violet; Nakigozi, Gertrude; Kigozi, Godfrey; Nalugoda, Fred; Kigozi, Grace; Nkale, James; Watya, Stephen; Ddaaki, William
    Mental health disorders account for a heavy disease burden in Uganda. In order to provide culturally appropriate mental health prevention and treatment approaches, it is necessary to understand how mental health is conceptualized in the population. Three focus group discussions (FGDs) and 31 in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with men and women aged 14 to 62 years residing in rural, urban, and semi-urban low-income communities in central and western Uganda to explore perceptions and knowledge of mental health. Interpretive thematic analysis was undertaken; results were organized through the lens of the mental health literacy framework. Environmental and societal stressors were identified as primary underlying causes of poor mental health. While participants recognized symptoms of poor mental health, gaps in mental health literacy also emerged. Mental health resources are needed in this setting and additional qualitative work assessing knowledge and attitudes toward mental health care seeking behavior can inform the development of acceptable integrated services.