Browsing by Author "Uthman, Olalekan A."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Children who have received no routine polio vaccines in Nigeria: Who are they and where do they live?
    (Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 2017) Uthman, Olalekan A.; Adedokun, Sulaimon T.; Olukade, Tawa; Watson, Samuel; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Adeniran, Adeyinka; Oyetoyan, Solomon A.; Gidado, Saheed; Lawoko, Stephen; Wiysonge, Charles S.
    2016; putting an end to 2 y without reported cases. We examined the extent of geographical disparities in childhren not vaccinated against polio and examined individual- and community-level predictors of nonvaccination in Nigeria. We applied multilevel logistic regression models to the recent Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The percentage of children not routinely vaccinated against polio in Nigeria varied greatly and clustered geographically, mainly in north-eastern states, with a great risk of spread of transmission within these states and potential exportation to neighboring states and countries. Only about one-third had received all recommended 4 routine oral polio vaccine doses. Non-vaccinated children tended to have a mother who had no formal education and who was currently not working, live in poorer households and were from neighborhoods with higher maternal illiteracy rates.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Factors associated with attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women: a comparative analysis of 17 sub-Saharan countries
    (BMC international health and human rights, 2009) Uthman, Olalekan A.; Lawoko, Stephen; Moradi, Tahereh
    Violence against women, especially by intimate partners, is a serious public health problem that is associated with physical, reproductive and mental health consequences. Even though most societies proscribe violence against women, the reality is that violations against women's rights are often sanctioned under the garb of cultural practices and norms, or through misinterpretation of religious tenets. Methods: We utilised data from 17 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2003 and 2007 in sub-Saharan Africa to assess the net effects of socio-demographic factors on men's and women's attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) using multiple logistic regression models estimated by likelihood ratio test. Results: IPVAW was widely accepted under certain circumstances by men and women in all the countries studied. Women were more likely to justify IPVAW than men. "Neglecting the children" was the most common reason agreed to by both women and men for justifying IPVAW followed by "going out without informing husband" and "arguing back with the husband". Increasing wealth status, education attainment, urbanization, access to media, and joint decision making were associated with decreased odds of justifying IPVAW in most countries. Conclusion: In most Sub-Saharan African countries studied where IPVAW is widely accepted as a response to women's transgressing gender norms, men find less justification for the practice than do women. The present study suggests that proactive efforts are needed to change these norms, such as promotion of higher education and socio-demographic development. The magnitude and direction of factors associated with attitudes towards IPVAW varies widely across the countries, thus suggesting the significance of capitalizing on need-adapted interventions tailored to fit conditions in each country.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalence of Hypertension in Low- and Middle-Income Countries A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    (Medicine, 2015-12-19) Sarki, Ahmed; Nduka, Chidozie U.; Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin; Uthman, Olalekan A.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Sex disparities in attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women in sub-Saharan Africa: a socio-ecological analysis
    (BMC Public Health, 2010) Uthman, Olalekan A.; Lawoko, Stephen; Moradi, Tahereh
    Attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) has been suggested as one of the prominent predictor of IPVAW. In this study, we take a step back from individual-level variables and examine relationship between societal-level measures and sex differences in attitudes towards IPVAW. Methods: We used meta-analytic procedure to synthesize the results of most recent data sets available from Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of 17 countries in sub-Saharan Africa conducted between 2003 and 2007. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed for all countries. Test of heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were also carried out. Results: Women were twice as likely to justify wife beating than men (pooled OR = 1.97; 95% CI 1.53- 2.53) with statistically significant heterogeneity. The magnitude in sex disparities in attitudes towards IPVAW increased with increasing percentage of men practicing polygamy in each country. Furthermore, magnitude in sex disparities in attitudes towards IPVAW decreased monotonically with increasing adult male and female literacy rate, gender development index, gross domestic product and human development index. Conclusion: This meta-analysis has provided evidence that women were more likely to justify IPVAW than men in subSaharan Africa. Our results revealed that country's socio-economic factors may be associated with sex differential in attitudes towards IPVAW.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Use of Supplementary Immunisation Activities to Improve Uptake of Current and Future Vaccines in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Protocol
    (BMJ open, 2014) Kagina, Benjamin M.; Wiysonge, Charles S.; Abdullahi, Leila H.; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Hussey, Gregory D.
    Immunisation coverage data in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) suggest that more strategies need to be implemented to achieve and sustain optimal vaccine uptake. Among possible strategies to improve immunisation coverage are supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs). We are therefore interested in conducting a systematic review to assess whether SIAs complement routine immunisation programmes to improve vaccination coverage and prevent disease outbreaks. Our systematic review will focus on studies conducted in LMICs. With the help of an information specialist, we will search for eligible studies in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Africa-Wide, Cochrane Library, WHOLIS, CINAHL, PDQ-Evidence as well as reference lists of relevant publications. Additionally, we will contact relevant organisations such as WHO and GAVI. Two authors will independently extract data from eligible studies and independently assess risk of bias by assessing the adequacy of study characteristics. The primary meta-analysis will use random effects models due to expected interstudies heterogeneity. Dichotomous data will be analysed using relative risk and continuous data using weighted mean differences (or standardised mean differences), both with 95% CIs. The findings from this systematic review will be discussed in the context of strengthening routine childhood immunisation services, routine adolescent immunisation services and introduction of future vaccines against tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS.